Shloka 60

त्रिशिरा-प्रबोधनम् तथा नरान्तक-वधः

Trisira’s Counsel and the Slaying of Naranthaka

Devanagari script

छिन्नवर्णतनुत्राणाराक्षसावानरैर्हताः ।।।।रुधिरंप्रसृतास्तत्ररससारमिवद्रुमाः ।

Transliteration

chinna-varṇa-tanutrāṇā rākṣasā vānarair hatāḥ | rudhiraṃ prasṛtās tatra rasa-sāram iva drumāḥ ||

Translation

Les Rākṣasas tués par les Vānaras, leurs armures et protections déchirées, y répandaient leur sang, tels des arbres fendus laissant couler la sève.

Word by Word

• chinna-varṇa-tanutrāṇāḥ: with cut/discolored body-armor
• chinna-varṇa-tanutrāṇāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: chinna (कृदन्त; √chid/छिद्; PPP) + varṇa (प्रातिपदिक) + tanutrāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) (elliptic) 'whose armor/covering is cut and discolored'; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; qualifies rākṣasāḥ

• rākṣasāḥ: Rakshasas
• rākṣasāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rākṣasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

• vānaraiḥ: by Vanaras
• vānaraiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vānara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā, Bahuvacana

• hatāḥ: killed
• hatāḥ: Karta-samānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-समानााधिकरण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: hata (कृदन्त; √han/हन्; PPP)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; predicate adjective with rākṣasāḥ

• rudhiram: blood
• rudhiram: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rudhira (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napuṃsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• prasṛtāḥ: flowed forth
• prasṛtāḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: prasṛta (कृदन्त; pra-√sṛ/सृ "to flow"; PPP)
• Form: PPP used predicatively; Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana; with implied 'they' (rākṣasāḥ)

• tatra: there
• tatra: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देश-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Deśa-avyaya (locative adverb/देश-अव्यय)

• rasa-sāram: sap-essence (sap)
• rasa-sāram: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rasa (प्रातिपदिक) + sāra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) "rasasya sāra"; Napuṃsakaliṅga, Dvitīyā, Ekavacana

• iva: like
• iva: Upamā (उपमा)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Upamā-avyaya (simile particle/उपमा)

• drumāḥ: trees
• drumāḥ: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: druma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Bahuvacana

Context

The Rakshasas killed by Vanaras, their shields and weapons broken, blood flowed from their limbs just as sap exudes from broken trees.

Characters & Entities

• Vānaras
• Rākṣasas
• Druma (trees)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse forces recognition of war’s cost; dharma is not abstract—it must account for suffering and the gravity of taking life.

What is the narrative situation?

After heavy fighting, the poet describes the slain and the bloodshed through a nature simile.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Not a single virtue, but moral realism: the epic’s capacity to show consequences, urging discernment (viveka) about violence.