Shloka 98

कुम्भकर्णवधः

The Slaying of Kumbhakarna

Devanagari script

तेभक्ष्यमाणाहरयोरामंजुग्मुस्तदागतिम् ।कुम्भकर्णोभृशंक्रुद्धःकपीन् खादन् प्रधावति ।।।।

Transliteration

te bhakṣyamāṇā harayo rāmaṁ jagmus tadā gatim |

kumbhakarṇo bhṛśaṁ kruddhaḥ kapīn khādan pradhāvati ||

Translation

Tandis qu’ils étaient dévorés, ces guerriers Vānara allèrent vers Rāma pour y chercher refuge; mais Kumbhakarṇa, violemment courroucé, les poursuivit, mangeant encore les singes en courant.

Word by Word

• ते: those
• ते: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• भक्ष्यमाणाः: being devoured
• भक्ष्यमाणाः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √भक्ष् (धातु) + यमान (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले कर्मणि कृदन्त (present passive participle); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• हरयः: vanaras
• हरयः: कर्ता (apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: हरि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• रामम्: Rama
• रामम्: कर्म (goal as object of motion)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• जग्मुः: went
• जग्मुः: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद

• तदा: then
• तदा: कालाधिकरण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तदा (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (time adverb)

• गतिम्: refuge/way
• गतिम्: कर्म (object/goal)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• कुम्भकर्णः: Kumbhakarna
• कुम्भकर्णः: कर्ता
• Type: Noun
• Root: कुम्भकर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• भृशम्: exceedingly
• भृशम्: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: भृशम् (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: exceedingly)

• क्रुद्धः: enraged
• क्रुद्धः: कर्ता-विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √क्रुध् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• कपीन्: monkeys/vanaras
• कपीन्: कर्म
• Type: Noun
• Root: कपि (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• खादन्: eating/devouring
• खादन्: क्रियाविशेषण
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: √खाद् (धातु) + शतृ (कृदन्त)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकर्तरि कृदन्त; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषणवत्

• प्रधावति: runs after/pursues
• प्रधावति: क्रिया
• Type: Verb
• Root: प्र-√धाव् (धातु)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

Context

Being devoured by Kumbhakarna, the Vanaras went for refuge to Rama. Enraged Kumbhakarna followed the Vanaras behind.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Kumbhakarṇa
• Vānara warriors (Harayas/Kapīs)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Seeking refuge in the righteous leader when overwhelmed is portrayed as a dharmic response; Dharma is upheld through reliance on the protector committed to justice.

What is the narrative situation?

The terrified Vānaras flee toward Rāma for protection, while Kumbhakarṇa pursues them relentlessly.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s role as protector (śaraṇāgata-rakṣaka) is emphasized implicitly—he is the natural refuge for the afflicted.