Ramayana — Yuddha Kanda, Sarga 122, Shloka 22

दशरथदर्शनम् — Dasharatha’s Epiphany and Benedictions

Sarga 122

Devanagari script

चतुर्दशसमास्सौम्यवनेनिर्यातितास्त्वया ।वसतासीतयासार्धंलक्ष्मणेन च धीमता ।।।।

Transliteration

caturdaśa samāḥ saumya vane niryātitās tvayā |

vasatā sītayā sārdhaṃ lakṣmaṇena ca dhīmatā ||

Translation

Ô doux seigneur, quatorze années tu as vécues dans la forêt, demeurant avec Sītā et avec le sage Lakṣmaṇa.

Word by Word

• caturdaśa: fourteen
• caturdaśa: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: caturdaśa (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्विगु-समास/संख्यावाचक (fourteen); अव्ययवत्/विशेषणरूपेण; modifies samāḥ

• samāḥ: years
• samāḥ: Karta (कर्ता/subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sama (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• saumya: O gentle one
• saumya: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saumya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• vane: in the forest
• vane: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/place)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी, एकवचन

• niryātitāḥ: were made to pass / were spent
• niryātitāḥ: Kriya (क्रियासमान/विधेय)
• Type: Verb
• Root: nis-√yā (धातु)
• Form: णिच्-प्रेरण (causative) + क्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (past participle): niryātita = caused to go out/sent forth; पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; predicate with samāḥ (years were made to pass)

• tvayā: by you
• tvayā: Karana (करण/agentive means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yusmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तृतीया, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• vasatā: while living
• vasatā: Saha (सह/attendant circumstance)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vas (धातु)
• Form: शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (present participle), √वस्; पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; instrumental of attendant circumstance (while dwelling)

• sītayā: with Sītā
• sītayā: Saha (सह/association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• sārdham: together with
• sārdham: Saha (सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sārdham (अव्यय)
• Form: सहार्थक-अव्यय (indeclinable meaning 'together with')

• lakṣmaṇena: with Lakṣmaṇa
• lakṣmaṇena: Saha (सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: lakṣmaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• dhīmatā: by the wise one
• dhīmatā: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dhīmat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषण of lakṣmaṇena (or of tvayā by proximity)

Context

"O Gentle Rama! Fourteen years have been spent in the forest with Sita and Lakshmana after my departure from life."

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Sītā
• Lakṣmaṇa
• forest (vana)
• fourteen years (caturdaśa samāḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Faithfulness to a difficult pledge: dharma is shown as patient endurance over time, not merely a momentary act.

What is the narrative situation?

Daśaratha marks the completion of the long forest-exile undertaken by Rāma with Sītā and Lakṣmaṇa.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Perseverance and companionship in hardship—especially the loyal support of Sītā and Lakṣmaṇa.