Shloka 71

समुद्रलङ्घनारम्भः

Commencement of the Ocean-Crossing

Devanagari script

विकर्षन्नूर्मिजालानि बृहन्ति लवणाम्भसि।पुप्लुवे कपिशार्दूलो विकिरन्निव रोदसी।।।।

Transliteration

vikarṣann ūrmijālāni bṛhanti lavaṇāmbhasi | pupluve kapiśārdūlo vikirann iva rodasī ||

Translation

Traînant dans la mer salée de vastes entrelacs de vagues, le tigre parmi les singes bondit en avant, comme s’il déchirait les deux mondes, la terre et le ciel.

Word by Word

• vikarṣan: pulling/dragging
• vikarṣan: Karta (कर्ता) सहकारी क्रिया (concomitant action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi+√kṛṣ (धातु) → vikarṣat (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Present active participle, Parasmaipada); पुल्लिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचन (agreeing with कर्ता)

• ūrmijālāni: masses/nets of waves
• ūrmijālāni: Karma (कर्म) of vikarṣan
• Type: Noun
• Root: ūrmi + jāla (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (ūrmīṇāṃ jālāni = nets/masses of waves)

• bṛhanti: huge/mighty
• bṛhanti: Karma (कर्म) विशेषण
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bṛhat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying ūrmijālāni)

• lavaṇāmbhasi: in the salt-water (ocean)
• lavaṇāmbhasi: Adhikarana (अधिकरण) locus
• Type: Noun
• Root: lavaṇa + ambhas (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/अधिकरण), एकवचन; कर्मधारयः (lavaṇam ambhaḥ = salty water)

• pupluve: leapt
• pupluve: Kriya (क्रिया) main verb
• Type: Verb
• Root: √plu (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (Perfect/लिट्), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• kapiśārdūlaḥ: the tiger among monkeys (Hanuman)
• kapiśārdūlaḥ: Karta (कर्ता) subject
• Type: Noun
• Root: kapi + śārdūla (प्रातिपदिक) (समास)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/कर्ता), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (kapīnām śārdūlaḥ = tiger among monkeys)

• vikiran: scattering/dividing
• vikiran: Karta (कर्ता) सहकारी क्रिया (concomitant action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi+√kṛ (धातु) → vikirat (कृदन्त)
• Form: वर्तमानकाले शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त (Present active participle); पुल्लिङ्गे प्रथमा एकवचन (agreeing with कर्ता)

• iva: as if/like
• iva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध) upamā-marker
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमानवाचक अव्यय (comparative particle)

• rodasī: the two worlds (heaven and earth)
• rodasī: Karma (कर्म) of vikirann (figurative object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rodas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/कर्म), द्विवचन; द्यावापृथिव्यौ/द्यावापृथिवी (the two worlds: heaven and earth)

Context

As the tiger among the monkeys pushed the big network of waves of the salt-water ocean and leaped forward, it appeared as if he was drawing the intermediary space dividing the earth and the sky.

Characters & Entities

• Hanumān
• Ocean (lavaṇāmbhas)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is courageous execution of a truthful duty: Hanumān’s leap symbolizes crossing the impossible boundary to uphold justice and restore truth (Satya) to Rāma’s world.

What is the narrative situation?

Hanumān surges forward over the ocean; the waves are pulled and displaced, creating an image of cosmic-scale motion.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Parākrama (bold valor) combined with unwavering fidelity to the righteous mission.