Shloka 20

सुग्रीवस्य वैरानुकथनम्

Sugriva’s Account of Enmity and Appeal to Rama

Devanagari script

स तु दृष्टो मया शत्रुरनिर्वेदाद्भयावहः।निहतश्च मया तत्र सोऽसुरो बन्धुभिस्सह।।।।

Transliteration

sa tu dṛṣṭo mayā śatrur anirvedād bhayāvahaḥ | nihataś ca mayā tatra so ’suro bandhubhiḥ saha ||

Translation

Là, j'ai trouvé cet ennemi redoutable, et sans faiblir, j'ai tué cet asura sur-le-champ, ainsi que ses proches.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तु (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निपात (particle), विरोध/विशेषार्थक

• दृष्टः: seen
• दृष्टः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; तृतीया (3rd case/instrumental), एकवचन

• शत्रुः: enemy
• शत्रुः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शत्रु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• अनिर्वेदात्: from lack of hesitation/without discouragement
• अनिर्वेदात्: Hetu (हेतु)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनिर्वेद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (5th case/ablative), एकवचन; हेतौ/कारणे (cause)

• भयावहः: fearful/bringing fear
• भयावहः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भय-आवह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (भयम् आवहति इति); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of शत्रुः/सः)

• निहतः: killed
• निहतः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-हन् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• मया: by me
• मया: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम; तृतीया, एकवचन

• तत्र: there
• तत्र: Adhikarana (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तत्र (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; देशवाचक क्रियाविशेषण (locative adverb)

• सः: that/he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• असुरः: demon
• असुरः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: असुर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; अपपद-सम्बन्ध (apposition to सः)

• बन्धुभिः: with relatives
• बन्धुभिः: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; सह-योगे (in association)

• सह: together with
• सह: Sahakari (सहकारी/सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सह (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; सहार्थक उपसर्गसदृश (postposition)

Context

'I could find that fearful enemy there and killed him along with his relatives without any difficulty.

Characters & Entities

• Vāli
• kinsmen/relatives (bandhu)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Protective duty: removing a dangerous aggressor is portrayed as righteous action, done without yielding to despair or hesitation.

What is the narrative situation?

Inside the cave, Vāli locates the enemy and kills him along with his associates.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Fearlessness and steadfast courage (anirveda): acting effectively despite a frightening opponent.