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Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 73, Shloka 15

त्रिसप्ततितमः सर्गः (Sarga 73): Mithilā Vivāha

Kanyādāna and the Fourfold Marriage Rites

कृतकौतुकसर्वस्वा वेदिमूलमुपागता:।।।।मम कन्या मुनिश्रेष्ठ दीप्ता वह्नेरिवार्चिष:।

kṛtakautukasarvasvā vedimūlam upāgatāḥ | mama kanyā muniśreṣṭha dīptā vahner ivārciṣaḥ ||

Ô le meilleur des sages, mes filles—ayant accompli tous les rites propices qui préparent aux noces—sont venues au pied de l’autel, rayonnantes comme les flammes du feu sacré.

कृतकौतुकसर्वस्वाःhaving completed the rites
कृतकौतुकसर्वस्वाः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject) (qualifying 'kanyāḥ')
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत + कौतुक + सर्वस्व (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग; समास: कृतं कौतुकं यस्याः सा / कृत-कौतुक-सर्वस्व (बहुपद-तत्पुरुष, अर्थतः 'having completed all marriage-rites')
वेदिमूलम्the base of the altar
वेदिमूलम्:
कर्म (Karma/Object) (goal reached)
TypeNoun
Rootवेदी + मूल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formद्वितीया, एकवचन, नपुंसकलिङ्ग; समास: वेद्याः मूलम् (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) — 'the foot/base of the altar'
उपागताःarrived
उपागताः:
क्रिया (Predicate participle)
TypeVerb
Rootउप + गम् (धातु) + उपागत (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formकृदन्त: क्त-प्रत्यय; प्रथमा, बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग — 'having come/arrived' (predicative)
ममmy
मम:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम/प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी, एकवचन — 'of me/my'
कन्याःdaughters
कन्याः:
कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग — 'daughters/maidens'
मुनिश्रेष्ठO best of sages
मुनिश्रेष्ठ:
सम्बोधन (Address/Vocative)
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि + श्रेष्ठ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसम्बोधन (Vocative), एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग; समास: मुनीनां श्रेष्ठः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष) — 'O best of sages'
दीप्ताःshining
दीप्ताः:
विशेषण (Qualifier of 'kanyāḥ')
TypeAdjective
Rootदीप् (धातु) + दीप्त (कृदन्त, क्त)
Formक्त-प्रत्ययान्त कृदन्त; प्रथमा, बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग — 'shining'
वह्नेःof fire
वह्नेः:
सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootवह्नि (प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी, एकवचन, पुल्लिङ्ग — 'of fire'
इवlike
इव:
असम्बद्ध (Comparative particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमा-वाचक अव्यय — 'like/as'
अर्चिषःflames
अर्चिषः:
उपमान (Upamāna/Standard of comparison)
TypeNoun
Rootअर्चिस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा, बहुवचन, स्त्रीलिङ्ग (वैकल्पिकं नपुंसकप्रयोगः) — 'flames/rays'

O Best of ascetics! my daughters have performed all the rites relating to marriage. They (now) stand at the foot of the altar shining like the bright flames of fire.

J
Janaka
V
Vasiṣṭha
V
vedi (altar)

FAQs

Dharma is expressed as fidelity to sacred rites and social responsibility: marriage is framed as a sanctified duty conducted with completeness and purity, not merely a personal event.

Janaka informs Vasiṣṭha that the brides have completed the required rites and are ready at the altar for the wedding ceremony.

Janaka’s conscientiousness and reverence for ritual order; the daughters’ auspicious readiness and purity are highlighted through the fire-flame simile.