Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 50, Shloka 15

यज्ञवाटप्रवेशः जनक-विश्वामित्रसंवादश्च

Arrival at the Sacrificial Ground and Janaka’s Reception

Devanagari script

द्वादशाहं तु ब्रह्मर्षे शेषमाहुर्मनीषिण:।।1.50.15।।ततो भागार्थिनो देवान् द्रष्टुमर्हसि कौशिक।

Transliteration

dvādaśāhaṃ tu brahmarṣe śeṣam āhur manīṣiṇaḥ |

tato bhāgārthino devān draṣṭum arhasi kauśika ||

Translation

Ô brahmarṣi —ainsi le disent les sages—, il ne reste que douze jours. Après cela, ô Kauśika, il te convient de voir les dieux venir réclamer leurs parts dues.

Word by Word

• द्वादश-अहम्: twelve days (as a period)
• द्वादश-अहम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: dvādaśa (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + ahan/aha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; द्विगु-समासः (dvādaśa ahāni = twelve days)

• तु: indeed/only
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Discourse particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle; emphasis/contrast)

• ब्रह्मर्षे: O brahmarṣi
• ब्रह्मर्षे: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahmarṣi (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• शेषम्: the remainder
• शेषम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śeṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन

• आहुः: they say
• आहुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ah (अह् धातु, 'to say')
• Form: लिट्/परिपूर्ण-भूत (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपदम

• मनीषिणः: the wise men
• मनीषिणः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: manīṣin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन

• ततः: thereafter
• ततः: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatas (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय (adverb: thereafter/from then)

• भाग-अर्थिनः: seeking their share
• भाग-अर्थिनः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bhāga (प्रातिपदिक) + arthin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुषः (bhāgasya arthinaḥ = seeking a share); विशेषणम् (qualifying देवान्)

• देवान्: the gods
• देवान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• द्रष्टुम्: to see
• द्रष्टुम्: Prayojana (प्रयोजन)
• Type: Verb
• Root: dṛś (दृश् धातु) + tumun (तुमुन्)
• Form: तुमुनन्त (infinitive), प्रयोजनार्थक (to see)

• अर्हसि: you ought/are fit
• अर्हसि: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: arh (अर्ह् धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम

• कौशिक: O Kauśika (Viśvāmitra)
• कौशिक: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kauśika (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

Context

O Brahmarshi! learned men say, only twelve days remain for completion of this acrifice. Thereafter O Viswamitra! you should see devatas claiming their shares".

Characters & Entities

• Janaka
• Viśvāmitra (Kauśika)
• brahmarṣi
• devatāḥ (gods)
• yajña (sacrifice)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes faithful completion of ritual obligations: offerings are assigned properly, and divine participants are honored according to prescribed shares.

What is the narrative situation?

Janaka informs Viśvāmitra about the remaining duration of the sacrifice and invites him to stay to see its culmination.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Janaka’s conscientiousness—he is attentive to correct ritual timeframes and proper distribution (bhāga) in sacred rites.