Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 44, Shloka 16

गङ्गावतरण-समापनः

Conclusion of the Descent of Gaṅgā

Devanagari script

इत्येवमुक्त्वा देवेश: सर्वलोकपितामह:।

यथाऽऽगतं तथाऽगच्छत् देवलोकं महायशा:।।1.44.16।।

Transliteration

ity evam uktvā deveśaḥ sarvalokapitāmahaḥ | yathāgatam tathāgacchat devalokaṃ mahāyaśāḥ || 1.44.16 ||

Translation

Ayant ainsi parlé, le Seigneur des dieux, l’Aïeul de tous les mondes, illustre de grande renommée, s’en retourna au monde divin par le même chemin qu’il avait emprunté.

Word by Word

• इति: thus
• इति: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति (अव्यय)
• Form: उद्धरण/समाप्ति-अव्यय (quotative particle)

• एवम्: in this way
• एवम्: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एवम् (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb: in this manner)

• उक्त्वा: having said
• उक्त्वा: Purvakala (पूर्वकाल/absolutive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √वच् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्यय (absolutive/ल्यबन्त), 'having spoken'

• देवेशः: lord of the gods
• देवेशः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवेश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: देवानाम् ईशः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• सर्व-लोक-पितामहः: grandsire of all worlds
• सर्व-लोक-पितामहः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सर्व + लोक + पितामह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: सर्वेषां लोकानां पितामहः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• यथा: as
• यथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय)
• Form: उपमान/प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb: as)

• आगतम्: (as) come
• आगतम्: Kriya-visheshana (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ + √गम् (धातु)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्यय (past participle), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; क्रियाविशेषण-भावे (accusative of manner: 'as (he) had come')

• तथा: so
• तथा: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: प्रकार-अव्यय (adverb: so/in that way)

• अगच्छत्: went/returned
• अगच्छत्: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √गम् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• देवलोकम्: to heaven
• देवलोकम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देवलोक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: देवानां लोकः (षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष)

• महायशाः: the greatly renowned one
• महायशाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महायशस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन; समास: महत् यशः यस्य (कर्मधारय/बहुव्रीहि-भाव; adjectival)

Context

"The Grandsire of all the worlds, highly renowned lord of the gods, having Said this, returned to heaven the way he had come.

Characters & Entities

• Brahmā
• Devaloka

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is affirmed by divine sanction: righteous effort receives recognition, and the cosmic order is shown as responsive to moral action.

What is the narrative situation?

The narrator concludes Brahmā’s appearance: after blessing and instructing Bhagiratha, Brahmā returns to Devaloka.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Legitimacy through dharma: Bhagiratha’s deed is implicitly validated as righteous by Brahmā’s acknowledgment.