HomeRamayanaBala KandaSarga 2Shloka 11
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Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 2, Shloka 11

द्वितीयः सर्गः — श्लोकप्रादुर्भावः

The Manifestation of the Śloka

तं शोणितपरीताङ्गं वेष्टमानं महीतले ।भार्या तु निहतं दृष्ट्वा रुराव करुणां गिरम् ।।1.2.11।। वियुक्ता पतिना तेन द्विजेन सहचारिणा ।ताम्रशीर्षेण मत्तेन पत्रिणा सहितेन वै ।।1.2.12।।

taṃ śoṇitaparītāṅgaṃ veṣṭamānaṃ mahītale |

bhāryā tu nihataṃ dṛṣṭvā rurāva karuṇāṃ giram ||1.2.11||

Voyant son compagnon abattu—les membres baignés de sang et se tordant sur la terre—la femelle poussa un cri plaintif, plein de compassion.

tamhim/that one
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma; Masculine, Accusative Singular
śoṇita-parīta-aṅgamwhose body was covered with blood
śoṇita-parīta-aṅgam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootśoṇita (प्रातिपदिक) + parīta (प्रातिपदिक) + aṅga (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi: śoṇitena parītāni aṅgāni yasya; Masculine, Accusative Singular; qualifies tam
veṣṭamānamwrithing, rolling
veṣṭamānam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootveṣṭ (धातु)
FormPresent middle participle (शानच्); Masculine, Accusative Singular; "writhing/rolling"
mahī-taleon the ground
mahī-tale:
Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देश-अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootmahī (प्रातिपदिक) + tala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormTatpuruṣa (षष्ठी): mahyāḥ talaṃ; Neuter, Locative Singular
bhāryāthe female mate
bhāryā:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootbhāryā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative Singular
tubut
tu:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Roottu (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; particle
nihatamslain
nihatam:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeVerb
Rootni + han (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
FormPPP (क्त); Masculine, Accusative Singular; qualifies tam
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा)
rurāvawailed/cried
rurāva:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootru (धातु)
FormLiṭ (लिट्, perfect), Parasmaipada; 3rd person Singular
karuṇāmpitiable, mournful
karuṇām:
Karma-viśeṣaṇa (कर्म-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootkaruṇā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdjective used substantively; Feminine, Accusative Singular; qualifies giram
giramcry/utterance
giram:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootgir (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Accusative Singular
viyuktāseparated
viyuktā:
Karta-sāmānādhikaraṇa (कर्तृ-सामानाधिकरण)
TypeVerb
Rootvi + yuj (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
FormPPP (क्त) used adjectivally; Feminine, Nominative Singular; agrees with bhāryā (understood)
patināfrom/with her husband
patinā:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootpati (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental Singular
tenaby/with that
tena:
Karaṇa-viśeṣaṇa (करण-विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Roottad (प्रातिपदिक)
FormSarvanāma; Masculine, Instrumental Singular; qualifies dvijena
dvijenawith the male bird
dvijena:
Karaṇa (करण)
TypeNoun
Rootdvija (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental Singular; here = bird (twice-born)
sahacāriṇāwith her companion
sahacāriṇā:
Karaṇa-viśeṣaṇa (करण-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsaha (अव्यय/उपसर्ग) + cārin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdjective; Masculine, Instrumental Singular; qualifies dvijena
tāmra-śīrṣeṇawith copper-coloured head
tāmra-śīrṣeṇa:
Karaṇa-viśeṣaṇa (करण-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Roottāmra (प्रातिपदिक) + śīrṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormBahuvrīhi: tāmraṃ śīrṣaṃ yasya; Masculine, Instrumental Singular; qualifies dvijena
mattenaintoxicated (with love)
mattena:
Karaṇa-viśeṣaṇa (करण-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootmatta (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdjective; Masculine, Instrumental Singular; qualifies dvijena
patriṇāwith the winged one
patriṇā:
Karaṇa-viśeṣaṇa (करण-विशेषण)
TypeNoun
Rootpatrin (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Instrumental Singular; "winged one"; qualifies dvijena
sahitenatogether with (her)
sahitena:
Karaṇa-viśeṣaṇa (करण-विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsahita (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAdjective; Masculine, Instrumental Singular; "together/associated"; qualifies dvijena
vaiindeed
vai:
Nipāta (निपात)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootvai (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya; particle (निपात) for emphasis

The female companion saw the male bird struck down by the hunter and rolling on the earth, drenched in blood. Separated from her winged comparion with copper-crested head intoxicated with her love, the female companion lifted a piteous wail.

FAQs

Dharma includes responsiveness to suffering: the lament of the innocent reveals the moral weight of harm and calls forth compassion rather than indifference.

The female bird witnesses her partner dying on the earth and cries out; her grief becomes the emotional trigger for Vālmīki’s response.

The virtue highlighted is karuṇā—sensitivity to another’s pain—which will soon manifest as Vālmīki’s compassionate indignation.