Ramayana — Bala Kanda, Sarga 1, Shloka 68

श्रीमद्रामायणकथासङ्क्षेपः / The Ramayana in Synopsis

Narada’s Summary to Valmiki

Devanagari script

ततोऽगर्जद्धरिवर: सुग्रीवो हेमपिङ्गल: ।तेन नादेन महता निर्जगाम हरीश्वर: ।।।।

Transliteration

tato 'garjad dhari-varaḥ sugrīvo hema-piṅgalaḥ |

tena nādena mahatā nirjagāma harīśvaraḥ ||

Translation

Alors Sugrīva, le meilleur des singes, au pelage fauve et doré, poussa un rugissement; et à ce grand fracas sortit le seigneur des singes, Vāli.

Word by Word

• anumānya: having obtained consent / having consulted
• anumānya: Kriyā (क्रिया) (subsidiary action)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-√man (मन्) (धातु) + lyap (ल्यप्) → anumānya (कृदन्त)
• Form: Absolutive (ल्यप्), 'having assented/approved/consulted' (context: having consulted/obtained consent)

• tadā: then
• tadā: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) (time)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tadā (अव्यय)
• Form: Temporal adverb

• tārām: Tārā
• tārām: Karma (कर्म) (object of anumānya)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tārā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Strīliṅga, Dvitīyā (Acc/2nd), Ekavacana

• sugrīveṇa: with Sugrīva
• sugrīveṇa: Sahakārī/Karaṇa (सहकारी/करण) (with Sugrīva / by association)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sugrīva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instr/3rd), Ekavacana

• samāgataḥ: having engaged / having come together
• samāgataḥ: Kriyā (क्रिया) (predicate participle)
• Type: Verb
• Root: sam-ā-√gam (गम्) + ktá → samāgata (कृदन्त)
• Form: PPP (क्त), Puṃliṅga, Prathamā, Ekavacana; predicate: 'came together/engaged (in combat)'

• nijaghāna: struck down / killed
• nijaghāna: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ni-√han (हन्) (धातु)
• Form: Tinganta, Parasmaipada; Lakāra: Liṭ (Perfect), Prathama-puruṣa, Ekavacana

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• tatra: there
• tatra: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण) (place)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tatra (अव्यय)
• Form: Locative adverb

• enam: him
• enam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक) → enam
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Dvitīyā (Acc/2nd), Ekavacana; enclitic pronoun

• śareṇa: with an arrow
• śareṇa: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Tṛtīyā (Instr/3rd), Ekavacana

• ekena: with a single
• ekena: Karaṇa (करण) (qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: eka (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tṛtīyā (Instr/3rd), Ekavacana; qualifying śareṇa

• rāghavaḥ: Rāghava (Rāma)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Puṃliṅga, Prathamā (Nom/1st), Ekavacana

Context

On entering the city of Kishkindha, Sugriva the best of monkeys of reddish yellow hue roared with a great voice. There upon Vali, the lord of monkeys came out (of the cave).

Characters & Entities

• Sugrīva
• Vāli
• Kiṣkindhā (implied setting)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is moral courage: a rightful challenge is issued openly rather than through deceit, bringing the conflict into clear ethical visibility.

What is the narrative situation?

At Kiṣkindhā, Sugrīva calls out Vāli by roaring, provoking Vāli to emerge and face the confrontation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sugrīva’s bravery and resolve—he initiates the decisive moment despite fear, trusting in Rāma’s pledged protection.