Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 97, Shloka 30

भरतागमनशङ्कानिवारणम् / Dispelling Suspicion about Bharata’s Arrival

Chitrakuta Encampment

Devanagari script

अध्यर्धमिक्ष्वाकुचमूर्योजनं पर्वतस्य सा।पार्श्वे न्यविशदावृत्य गजवाजिरथाकुला।।।।

Transliteration

adhyardham ikṣvākucamūḥ yojanaṃ parvatasya sā |

pārśve nyaviśad āvṛtya gajavājirathākulā ||

Translation

Cette armée des Ikṣvāku, pressée d’éléphants, de chevaux et de chars, s’étendait sur plus d’une yojana et demie et, enveloppant le flanc de la montagne, établit son camp à ses côtés.

Word by Word

• अध्यर्धम्: one-and-a-half (and more)
• अध्यर्धम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण/Measure-modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अधि + अर्ध (अव्यय-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: परिमाणवाचक-अव्यय (measure adverb: more than half; here: ‘one and a half’)

• इक्ष्वाकुचमूः: the Ikshvaku army
• इक्ष्वाकुचमूः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इक्ष्वाकु + चमू (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष (इक्ष्वाकूणां चमूः)

• योजनम्: a yojana (distance)
• योजनम्: Karma (कर्म/Object: extent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योजन (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; परिमाणवाचक

• पर्वतस्य: of the mountain
• पर्वतस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पर्वत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन

• सा: that (army)
• सा: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सर्वनाम

• पार्श्वे: at the side
• पार्श्वे: Adhikarana (अधिकरण/Location)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पार्श्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी (7th/Locative), एकवचन

• न्यविशत्: encamped/settled
• न्यविशत्: Kriya (क्रिया/Verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि√विश् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• आवृत्य: having surrounded
• आवृत्य: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ√वृत् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund) ‘having surrounded’

• गजवाजिरथाकुला: crowded with elephants, horses, and chariots
• गजवाजिरथाकुला: Karta-anvaya (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: गज + वाजि + रथ + आकुल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; समाहार/समुच्चयार्थे तत्पुरुष-प्रयोगः (गजैः वाजिभिः रथैः आकुला)

Context

O protector of honour! even if there were to be some happiness which I could enjoy without you, Bharata, and Satrughna, let it be reduced to ashes by fire.

Characters & Entities

• Ikṣvāku dynasty
• Bharata (contextual)
• army (senā/camū)
• mountain (Citrakūṭa context)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

The verse primarily sets the scene; within the broader episode, the army’s presence serves a dharmic mission—reconciliation and rightful conduct—rather than conquest.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s forces arrive near the mountain (Citrakūṭa) and establish a large encampment.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Collective discipline and order—an organized royal force moving with purpose under Bharata’s leadership (made explicit in the next verse).