Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 70, Shloka 29

भरतस्य दूतसमागमः तथा केकयराजनः अनुज्ञा

Bharata Meets the Messengers; Kekaya King Grants Leave

Devanagari script

रथान्मण्डल चक्रांश्च योजयित्वा परश्शतम्।उष्ट्र गोऽश्वबलैर्भृत्या भरतं यान्तमन्वयुः।।2.70.29।।

Transliteration

rathān maṇḍala-cakrāṁś ca yojayitvā paraḥ-śatam |

uṣṭra-go-'śva-balair bhṛtyā bharataṁ yāntam anvayuḥ ||2.70.29||

Translation

Les serviteurs, après avoir attelé plus d’une centaine de chars aux roues bien arrondies, suivirent Bharata lorsqu’il se mit en route, avec des troupes de chameaux, de bœufs et de chevaux.

Word by Word

• रथान्: chariots
• रथान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ratha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), बहुवचन

• मण्डलचक्रान्: with circular wheels
• मण्डलचक्रान्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: maṇḍala-cakra (प्रातिपदिक; मण्डल + चक्र)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; कर्मधारय (मण्डलानि चक्राणि येषाम्/मण्डलचक्राः)

• च: and
• च: Samuccaya (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, समुच्चयबोधक

• योजयित्वा: having harnessed
• योजयित्वा: Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √yuj (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्ययकृदन्त (gerund/absolutive); causative sense in usage (to yoke/harness)

• परःशतम्: more than a hundred
• परःशतम्: Saṅkhyā-viśeṣaṇa (संख्या-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: para-śata (प्रातिपदिक; पर + शत)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; संख्याविशेषण; तत्पुरुष (शतं परम् = more than a hundred)

• उष्ट्रगोऽश्वबलैः: with forces of camels, oxen, and horses
• उष्ट्रगोऽश्वबलैः: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: uṣṭra-go-aśva-bala (प्रातिपदिक; उष्ट्र + गो + अश्व + बल)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (करण), बहुवचन; द्वन्द्व (उष्ट्र-गो-अश्व) + बल; साधनभूत

• भृत्याः: servants
• भृत्याः: Kartā (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bhṛtya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति (कर्ता), बहुवचन

• भरतम्: Bharata
• भरतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bharata (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति (कर्म), एकवचन

• यान्तम्: going
• यान्तम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yānt (कृदन्त; √yā या, शतृ)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; शतृ-प्रत्ययान्त वर्तमानकाले (present active participle)

• अन्वयुः: followed
• अन्वयुः: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: anu-√i (धातु; इण्)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (imperfect), प्रथम-पुरुष, बहुवचन; परस्मैपद; उपसर्ग: अनु

Context

Oh large-eyed one (Bharata)! you are asked to take these excellent raiments and precious ornaments and bestow them on your maternal uncle (said the messengers).

Characters & Entities

• Bharata
• chariots (rathāḥ)
• camels
• horses

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is coordinated service: attendants fulfill their roles efficiently so that a leader can perform higher duties without disorder or neglect.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata’s departure becomes a full royal movement—vehicles are prepared and a large supporting retinue follows him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Leadership supported by collective responsibility—Bharata’s mission is enabled by disciplined service and preparedness.