Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 54, Shloka 18

भरद्वाजाश्रमप्राप्तिः

Arrival at Bharadvāja’s Hermitage and Counsel toward Citrakūṭa

Devanagari script

नानाविधानन्नरसान् वन्यमूलफलाश्रयान्।तेभ्यो ददौ तप्ततपा वासं चैवाभ्यकल्पयत्।।।।

Transliteration

nānāvidhān annarasān vanyamūlaphalāśrayān |

tebhyo dadau taptatapā vāsaṁ caivābhyakalpayat ||

Translation

Le sage aux austérités ardentes leur donna maints mets et breuvages, tirés des racines et des fruits de la forêt, et leur prépara aussi un lieu de repos.

Word by Word

• nānā-vidhān: various kinds of
• nānā-vidhān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: nānā (अव्यय) + vidha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय ('of various kinds'), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (of anna-rasān)

• anna-rasān: foods and drinks
• anna-rasān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anna (प्रातिपदिक) + rasa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व ('food and drinks/juices'), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

• vanya-mūla-phala-āśrayān: made from wild roots and fruits
• vanya-mūla-phala-āśrayān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vanya (प्रातिपदिक) + mūla (प्रातिपदिक) + phala (प्रातिपदिक) + āśraya (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (determinative: 'based on wild roots and fruits'), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; विशेषण (of anna-rasān)

• tebhyaḥ: to them
• tebhyaḥ: Sampradāna (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, पुंलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी/चतुर्थी-बहुवचनरूप (Dative/4th plural here), बहुवचन

• dadau: gave
• dadau: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √dā (धातु)
• Form: लिट्-लकार (Perfect), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

• taptatapāḥ: the severe ascetic
• taptatapāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tapta (प्रातिपदिक) + tapas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: बहुव्रीहि ('one whose tapas is heated' = severe-penitent), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• vāsam: lodging / dwelling-place
• vāsam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)

• eva: also / indeed
• eva: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अवधारण-अव्यय (emphasis)

• abhyakalpayat: arranged / prepared
• abhyakalpayat: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√kḷp (धातु)
• Form: लङ्-लकार (Imperfect/Past), परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन

Context

There the sage sat, surrounded by hermits, animals and birds after having welcomed Rama with due honour.

Characters & Entities

• Bharadvaja (sage, implied)
• Rama
• Sita
• Lakshmana

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma as compassionate service: the sage’s austerity does not make him indifferent; it supports a life of giving, expressed through simple yet complete hospitality.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharadvaja feeds the exiled trio with forest-based fare and provides them lodging.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Bharadvaja’s generosity and care—practical kindness rooted in spiritual discipline.