Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 32, Shloka 4

द्वात्रिंशस्सर्गः

Gifts to Suyajna and the Brahmins; Trijata’s Petition and Rama’s Charity

Devanagari script

तमागतं वेदविदं प्राञ्जलिस्सीतया सह।सुयज्ञमभिचक्राम राघवोऽग्निमिवार्चितम्।।।।

Transliteration

tam āgataṁ vedavidaṁ prāñjaliḥ sītayā saha | suyajñam abhicakrāma rāghavo ’gnim ivārcitam ||

Translation

Lorsque Suyajña, savant des Veda, fut arrivé, Rāghava (Rāma), avec Sītā et les mains jointes, l’honora tel le feu sacré et fit autour de lui la circumambulation rituelle.

Word by Word

• tam: him
• tam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन) सर्वनाम

• āgatam: who has come
• āgatam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ā-√gam (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; agreeing with tam

• vedavidam: knower of the Vedas
• vedavidam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: veda-vid (प्रातिपदिक) [veda + √vid (धातु)]
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; कर्मधारय/षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष sense: 'vedaṃ veda iti' (knower of Veda)

• prāñjaliḥ: with folded hands
• prāñjaliḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: prāñjali (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; adjective used substantively 'with folded hands'

• sītayā: with Sita
• sītayā: Sahakāraka (सह/साकं)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sītā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular

• saha: together with
• saha: Sahakāraka (सह)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: saha (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable; preposition-like particle governing Instrumental (तृतीया)

• suyajñam: Suyajna
• suyajñam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: suyajña (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; proper name

• abhicakrāma: circumambulated / approached in reverence
• abhicakrāma: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: abhi-√kram (धातु)
• Form: Perfect (लिट्), 3rd Person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• rāghavaḥ: Raghava (Rama)
• rāghavaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; proper epithet of Rama

• agnim: fire
• agnim: Upamāna (उपमान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: agni (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• iva: like
• iva: Upamādyotaka (उपमा-द्योतक)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: iva (अव्यय)
• Form: Indeclinable; simile marker (उपमा-वाचक)

• arcitam: worshipped / honored
• arcitam: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: √arc (धातु) + kta (क्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular; qualifying suyajñam

Context

On the arrival of sage Suyajna well-versed in the Vedas, both Rama and Sita offered obeisance to him as to fire-god and circumambulated him.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma (Rāghava)
• Sītā
• Suyajña
• Agni (as comparison)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes reverence toward Vedic knowledge and holy guests; honoring sages is treated as honoring sacred fire itself.

What is the narrative situation?

A Veda-versed sage named Suyajña arrives, and Rama and Sita greet him with ritual respect and circumambulation.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rama and Sita’s maryādā (propriety) and humility in honoring spiritual authority.