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Valmiki Ramayana 2.23.7Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 23, Shloka 7

लक्ष्मणक्रोधः—दैवपुरुषकारविवादः

Lakshmana’s Wrath and the Debate on Destiny vs Human Effort

किन्नाम कृपणं दैवमशक्तमभिशंससि।।।।पापयोस्ते कथं नाम तयोश्शङ्का न विद्यते।

kin nāma kṛpaṇaṃ daivam aśaktam abhiśaṃsasi |

pāpayos te kathaṃ nāma tayoḥ śaṅkā na vidyate |

Pourquoi fais-tu l’éloge de cette chose misérable et impuissante qu’on nomme « destin » ? Et comment se fait-il que tu n’aies aucun soupçon envers ces deux fauteurs de faute ?

सन्तिthere are
सन्ति:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष, बहुवचन; ‘are/exist’
धर्मोपधाःdeceptions in the guise of dharma
धर्मोपधाः:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म-उपधा (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (धर्मस्य उपधा ‘deception under guise of dharma’); स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन
श्लक्ष्णाःsubtle
श्लक्ष्णाः:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootश्लक्ष्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; धर्मोपधाः-विशेषण—‘smooth/subtle’
धर्मात्मन्O righteous one
धर्मात्मन्:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
TypeNoun
Rootधर्म-आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formबहुव्रीहि (धर्मः आत्मा यस्य); पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन
किम्why
किम्:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-निपात
not
:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootन (अव्यय)
Formनिषेधार्थक-अव्यय
बुध्यसेdo you understand
बुध्यसे:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootबुध् (धातु)
Formलट् (Present), आत्मनेपद, मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; ‘you understand’
तयोःof those two
तयोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formसर्वनाम, षष्ठी, द्विवचन
सुचरितम्good conduct
सुचरितम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootसु-चरित (प्रातिपदिक)
Formउपसर्ग-युक्त; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘good conduct’ (object of implied ‘they abandon’)
स्वार्थम्self-interest
स्वार्थम्:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व-अर्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष (स्वस्य अर्थः); पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; ‘self-interest’
शाठ्यात्out of deceit
शाठ्यात्:
Hetu (हेतु)
TypeNoun
Rootशाठ्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, पञ्चमी (Ablative/हेतु), एकवचन; ‘from/through deceit’
परिजिहीर्षतोःof the two wishing to cast off
परिजिहीर्षतोः:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
TypeVerb
Rootपरि-हृ (धातु)
Formसन्-प्रत्यय (desiderative) + शतृ/शानच्-समकक्ष participial stem ‘जिहीर्षत्’; षष्ठी, द्विवचन; ‘of the two wishing to abandon/repudiate’

Shaking his forearm like an elephant raising its trunk, moving his neck horizontally and vertically and casting a pointed and oblique look at his brother, Lakshmana said:

L
Lakshmana
R
Rama
D
daiva (destiny)
D
Dasharatha
K
Kaikeyi

FAQs

Moral accountability: Lakshmana insists that ethical evaluation should focus on human choices and wrongdoing rather than attributing events to fate.

Lakshmana urges Rama to recognize culpability behind the exile decision, rather than accepting it as destiny.

Justice-oriented discernment—Lakshmana’s refusal to let “fate” erase responsibility.

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