Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 105, Shloka 43

भरतस्य प्रार्थना—रामस्य कालधर्मोपदेशः

Bharata’s Petition and Rama’s Instruction on Time and Mortality

Devanagari script

तद्वचः पितुरेवाहं सम्मतं धर्मचारिणः।कर्मणा पालयिष्यामि वनवासेन राघव।।2.105.43।।

Transliteration

tad vacaḥ pitur evāhaṃ sammataṃ dharmacāriṇaḥ |

karmaṇā pālayiṣyāmi vanavāsena rāghava ||2.105.43||

Translation

Ainsi, ô Rāghava, je maintiendrai par mon acte—en demeurant dans la forêt—la parole même de notre père, pratiquant du dharma, parole qu’il faut recevoir.

Word by Word

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया (Accusative)

• वचः: word/command
• वचः: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vacas (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया/प्रथमा; अत्र ‘पालयिष्यामि’ इत्यस्य कर्म (Accusative)

• पितुः: of (my) father
• पितुः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pitṛ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी (Genitive)

• एव: indeed
• एव: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: eva (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय, अवधारण-निपात (indeed)

• अहम्: I
• अहम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन, प्रथमा

• सम्मतम्: approved/accepted
• सम्मतम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-man (धातु) + kta (कृत्)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त), नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, द्वितीया; ‘वचः’ इत्यस्य विशेषण (approved/accepted)

• धर्मचारिणः: of the righteous-practising (father)
• धर्मचारिणः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: dharma-cārin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (धर्मं चरति), पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, षष्ठी; ‘पितुः’ इत्यस्य विशेषण

• कर्मणा: by the act
• कर्मणा: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: karman (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, एकवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental)

• पालयिष्यामि: I shall observe/obey
• पालयिष्यामि: Kriya (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pāl (धातु)
• Form: लृट्-लकार (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष, एकवचन

• वनवासेन: by forest-dwelling
• वनवासेन: Karana (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vana (प्रातिपदिक) + vāsa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (वनस्य वासः), पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, तृतीया (Instrumental)

• राघव: O Rāghava
• राघव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāghava (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, एकवचन, सम्बोधन (Vocative)

Context

O Bharata, I will, therefore, obey the command of our venerable father, the champion of righteousness, by living in the forest.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Bharata
• Daśaratha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is shown as truth-in-action: not merely agreeing with the father’s word, but concretely fulfilling it through vanavāsa.

What is the narrative situation?

Bharata presses Rāma to return; Rāma clarifies he will honor Daśaratha’s command by actually living in the forest.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Integrity (satya) and resolve—Rāma’s willingness to bear hardship to keep a righteous command.