Shloka 29

जटायुस्संवादः — Encounter with Jaṭāyu and the Genealogy of Beings

Aranyakanda 14

Devanagari script

मनुर्मनुष्यान् जनयद्राम पुत्रान् यशस्विनः।ब्राह्मणान् क्षत्रियान् वैश्यान् शूद्रांश्च मनुजर्षभ।।3.14.29।।

Transliteration

manur manuṣyān janayad rāma putrān yaśasvinaḥ |

brāhmaṇān kṣatriyān vaiśyān śūdrāṁś ca manujarṣabha ||3.14.29||

Translation

Manu, ô Rāma—taureau parmi les hommes—engendra une illustre descendance humaine : brāhmaṇas, kṣatriyas, vaiśyas et śūdras.

Word by Word

• मनुः: Manu
• मनुः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; नाम

• मनुष्यान्: human beings
• मनुष्यान्: Karma (कर्म/Object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुष्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• जनयत्: produced/begot
• जनयत्: Kriya (क्रिया/finite verb)
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन् (धातु)
• Form: लङ्, प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद

• राम: O Rama
• राम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• पुत्रान्: sons/offspring
• पुत्रान्: Karma (कर्म/Object; apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• यशस्विनः: illustrious
• यशस्विनः: Visheshana (विशेषण/qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यशस्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifier of पुत्रान्/मनुष्यान्)

• ब्राह्मणान्: Brahmins
• ब्राह्मणान्: Karma (कर्म/Object; in apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• क्षत्रियान्: Kshatriyas
• क्षत्रियान्: Karma (कर्म/Object; in apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• वैश्यान्: Vaishyas
• वैश्यान्: Karma (कर्म/Object; in apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वैश्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• शूद्रान्: Shudras
• शूद्रान्: Karma (कर्म/Object; in apposition)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूद्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय

• मनुजर्षभ: O bull among men
• मनुजर्षभ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मनुज + ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष

Context

O Rama, bull among men! Manu procreated brahmins, kshatriyas, vaisyas and sudras all famed human beings.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Manu
• Brāhmaṇa
• Kṣatriya
• Vaiśya

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is presented as an ordered human society with differentiated responsibilities. The point is not mere classification, but the idea that social life functions when duties are performed truthfully and responsibly.

What is the narrative situation?

Within the genealogy, Jaṭāyu mentions Manu as progenitor of human social groups, linking cosmic origins to human dharma.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma is addressed as ‘manujarṣabha’, highlighting his exemplary kingship-virtue: being a model for human conduct.