Shloka 49

Hymn of Victory: Varāha, the Slaying of Hiraṇyākṣa, and the Praise of Viṣṇu

Devanagari script

असंभ्रांतः स चिच्छेद यमदंडनिभान्शरान् । पुनः शरसहस्राणि प्रेरयामास तं रणे

Transliteration

asaṃbhrāṃtaḥ sa ciccheda yamadaṃḍanibhānśarān | punaḥ śarasahasrāṇi prerayāmāsa taṃ raṇe

Translation

Sans trouble, il trancha les flèches pareilles au bâton de Yama ; puis, de nouveau dans la mêlée, il décocha contre lui des milliers de traits.

Word by Word

• asaṃbhrāntaḥ: unperturbed, unconfused
• asaṃbhrāntaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: a-saṃbhrānta (कृदन्त; √bhram/√bhrānt? धातु)
• Form: Past participial adjective with privative a-; Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• saḥ: he
• saḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Masculine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular

• ciccheda: cut, severed
• ciccheda: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √chid (छिद् धातु)
• Form: Liṭ-lakāra (perfect/परोक्षभूत), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Singular; Parasmaipada

• yama-daṇḍa-nibhān: resembling Yama’s staff
• yama-daṇḍa-nibhān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: yama (प्रातिपदिक) + daṇḍa (प्रातिपदिक) + nibha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa chain compound; Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural; qualifier of śarān

• śarān: arrows
• śarān: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• punaḥ: again
• punaḥ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: punaḥ (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (क्रियाविशेषण)

• śara-sahasrāṇi: thousands of arrows
• śara-sahasrāṇi: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śara (प्रातिपदिक) + sahasra (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa compound; Neuter, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural

• prerayāmāsa: sent forth, launched
• prerayāmāsa: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √prer (प्रेर्/√īr causative)
• Form: Periphrastic perfect (लिट्-परस्मैपद; आमास-योग), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person), Singular; causative sense

• tam: him
• tam: Sampradāna/Prati (प्रति-लक्ष्य)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun; Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• raṇe: in battle
• raṇe: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: raṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

Speaker

Narrator (contextual epic narration; specific speaker not explicit in the given verse alone)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: vira

Secondary Rasa: raudra

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: yamadaṇḍanibhān+śarān→yamadaṇḍanibhānśarān.

Characters & Entities

• Yama

FAQs

Why are the arrows compared to Yama’s staff in this verse?

Yama’s staff symbolizes death and irresistible punishment; the comparison intensifies the danger of the incoming arrows and highlights the hero’s calm mastery in cutting them down.

What does the word asaṃbhrāntaḥ convey about the warrior’s mindset?

Asaṃbhrāntaḥ indicates steadiness and lack of panic—mental composure under threat—presented as a key heroic quality in Purāṇic battle narration.

What ethical or practical lesson can be drawn from this verse?

The verse emphasizes composure in crisis: remaining unshaken enables clear action (defense) followed by decisive effort (counter-attack).