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Shloka 38

Bharata’s Austerity at Nandigrāma and Rāma’s Sight of Nandigrāma

यश्चोच्यमानः सचिवैः समदुःखसुखैर्बुधैः । नीतिज्ञैः शास्त्रनिपुणैरिति प्रोवाच तान्नृपः

yaścocyamānaḥ sacivaiḥ samaduḥkhasukhairbudhaiḥ | nītijñaiḥ śāstranipuṇairiti provāca tānnṛpaḥ

Et lorsqu’il était exhorté par ses ministres—des sages, égaux dans la peine et la joie, connaisseurs de la conduite politique et experts des śāstra—le roi leur parla ainsi.

यःwho
यः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक-सर्वनाम (relative pronoun)
and
:
Sambandha (Connector/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction)
उच्यमानःbeing spoken (to)/being addressed
उच्यमानः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु) + शानच् (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
Formवर्तमानकालिक कर्मणि-प्रयोगे वर्तमानकृदन्त (present passive participle); पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन
सचिवैःby ministers/counsellors
सचिवैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसचिव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
समequal, even-minded
सम:
Visheshana (Qualifier/विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसम (प्रातिपदिक)
Formअव्ययवत्-विशेषण; समासपूर्वपदत्वेन ‘समदुःखसुख’ इत्यत्र उपसर्गवत्/विशेषणार्थक; (अत्र पृथक् पदरूपेण)
दुःखsorrow
दुःख:
Sambandha (Compound-member/समासाङ्ग)
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया, एकवचन (समासाङ्ग)
सुखैःwith pleasures (and pains)
सुखैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसुख (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन; ‘समदुःखसुखैः’ इत्यत्र समासान्त-रूपेण
बुधैःby the wise
बुधैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootबुध (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), बहुवचन
नीतिज्ञैःby those skilled in polity
नीतिज्ञैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootनीति (प्रातिपदिक) + ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (नीतिं जानन्ति इति); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन
शास्त्रनिपुणैःby those proficient in scriptures
शास्त्रनिपुणैः:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeAdjective
Rootशास्त्र (प्रातिपदिक) + निपुण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समास (शास्त्रे निपुणाः); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया, बहुवचन; विशेषणम् (बुध/सचिव)
इतिthus
इति:
Sambandha (Quotative/इति-सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
Formउद्धरण/वाक्यसमाप्ति-सूचक-अव्यय (quotative particle)
प्रोवाचsaid, spoke
प्रोवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपदम्
तान्them
तान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), बहुवचन
नृपःthe king
नृपः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootनृप (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Narrator (introducing the king’s reply to his ministers)

Concept: Good governance requires wise counsel: ministers grounded in śāstra and equanimity help align political action with dharma.

Application: Seek advice from steady, principled people; make decisions after hearing multiple perspectives; keep emotions from distorting judgment.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Type: city

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"In a pillared hall adorned with simple garlands, the king sits with restrained majesty while ministers—calm-faced, scripture-bearing—stand in a semicircle. The atmosphere is sober and luminous, as if dharma itself presides over the conversation, turning grief into measured resolve.","primary_figures":["The king (contextually Bharata or Lakṣmaṇa depending on surrounding passage)","Ministers (sacivaḥ)"],"setting":"Ayodhyā sabhā with carved pillars, low throne, palm-leaf manuscripts, and a faint view of city rooftops beyond.","lighting_mood":"temple lamp-lit","color_palette":["sandstone beige","deep maroon","lamp gold","sage green","ink black"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: royal sabhā scene with the king on a low throne, ministers holding palm-leaf śāstra; gold leaf accents on pillars and throne edges, rich reds/greens, symmetrical composition, ornate border framing the deliberation.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: intimate courtly interior with delicate faces, ministers in pale garments, manuscripts rendered with fine lines; soft interior light, muted palette, refined architectural detailing and calm gestures of discourse.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, stylized sabhā pillars, king and ministers in formal poses; warm pigments, rhythmic patterning on textiles, didactic clarity like a temple narrative panel.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: court scene framed by floral borders and lotus medallions; stylized figures, deep blue background with gold highlights, decorative symmetry emphasizing order and dharma."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"narrative","suggested_raga":"Durga","pace":"moderate-narrative","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["soft court ambience","anklet/jewelry faint chime","palm-leaf rustle","distant temple bell"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: यश्चोच्यमानः = यः + च + उच्यमानः; समदुःखसुखैर्बुधैः = समदुःखसुखैः + बुधैः; शास्त्रनिपुणैरिति = शास्त्रनिपुणैः + इति; तान्नृपः = तान् + नृपः.

FAQs

It frames a royal counsel scene: wise, scripture-versed ministers advise the king, and the king is about to respond.

They are described as wise (budha), even-minded in pleasure and pain (sama-duḥkha-sukha), knowledgeable in polity/ethics (nīti-jña), and proficient in the śāstras (śāstra-nipuṇa).

Good governance is supported by balanced, learned advisers, and a ruler should engage seriously with counsel grounded in both practical ethics (nīti) and authoritative teachings (śāstra).