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Shloka 22

Protection of Brāhmaṇas

अभूतां विगतप्राणाविव संशयमानसौ । किं धनेन सुवर्णेन जीवनेनापि सद्मना । प्रोवाचेदं वचः सोऽपि ब्राह्मणो राजपूरुषान्

abhūtāṃ vigataprāṇāviva saṃśayamānasau | kiṃ dhanena suvarṇena jīvanenāpi sadmanā | provācedaṃ vacaḥ so'pi brāhmaṇo rājapūruṣān

Leur esprit fut saisi de doute, comme si l’irréel s’était produit, presque comme si la vie les avait quittés. Alors ce brāhmaṇa dit aussi aux hommes du roi : «À quoi servent la richesse et l’or, ou même la vie, ou une demeure ?»

अभूताम्unreal, as if not existing
अभूताम्:
Karma (Object of implied comparison/कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootअभूत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन; ‘अभूत’ = असत्/अवास्तव
विगतप्राणौas if lifeless
विगतप्राणौ:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootविगत + प्राण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), द्विवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (‘विगताः प्राणाः यस्य’)
इवas if
इव:
Upamana-marker (Comparison/उपमा)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव (अव्यय)
Formउपमावाचक-अव्यय (particle of comparison)
संशयमानसौwhose minds were full of doubt
संशयमानसौ:
Karta (Subject qualifier/कर्तृविशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootसंशय + मानस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), द्विवचन; बहुव्रीहिः (‘संशयः मानसः यस्य’)
किम्what (use)?
किम्:
Prashna (Interrogative/प्रश्न)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रश्नार्थक-अव्यय (interrogative particle), नपुंसक एकवचन-रूपेण अव्ययवत्
धनेनwith wealth
धनेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन
सुवर्णेनwith gold
सुवर्णेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसुवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (प्रयोगे), तृतीया विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन
जीवनेनwith life
जीवनेन:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootजीवन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन
अपिeven, also
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय (also/even)
सद्मनाwith a house/home
सद्मना:
Karana (Instrument/करण)
TypeNoun
Rootसद्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया विभक्ति (3rd/तृतीया), एकवचन
प्रोवाचsaid, spoke forth
प्रोवाच:
Kriya (Action/क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-उच्/वच् (धातु)
Formलिट् (Perfect), प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन; परस्मैपद
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), एकवचन
वचःspeech, words
वचः:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया/प्रथमा विभक्ति (2nd/1st), एकवचन
सःhe
सः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
अपिalso
अपि:
Sambandha (Particle/सम्बन्ध)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि (अव्यय)
Formसमुच्चय/अवधारणार्थक-अव्यय
ब्राह्मणःthe Brahmin
ब्राह्मणः:
Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा विभक्ति (1st/प्रथमा), एकवचन
राजपूरुषान्the king’s men
राजपूरुषान्:
Karma (Object/कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् + पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया विभक्ति (2nd/द्वितीया), बहुवचन; तत्पुरुषः (‘राज्ञः पुरुषाः’)

The brāhmaṇa (addressing the king’s men / royal attendants)

Concept: In the face of dharma-crisis, worldly supports—wealth, life, home—lose meaning; true value lies in righteousness and the soul’s higher shelter.

Application: Practice periodic reflection: if a value cannot stand in grief, it is not ultimate; prioritize relationships, ethics, and devotion over accumulation.

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"The brāhmaṇa stands before the royal men, face calm yet eyes rimmed with grief, as if the world has turned unreal. Behind him, a simple home and household vessels fade into shadow, while the foreground glints with useless gold—his raised hand dismissing it like dust.","primary_figures":["the brāhmaṇa speaker","royal attendants","brāhmaṇa spouse in the background"],"setting":"threshold of a modest brāhmaṇa dwelling facing armed royal men; gold and documents presented","lighting_mood":"twilight with a quiet, inward glow","color_palette":["smoky violet","soft saffron","matte white","burnt sienna","muted gold"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: central brāhmaṇa in serene posture with expressive hand-gesture of renunciation, gold leaf used ironically on the piled suvarṇa; ornate borders, rich maroons and greens, stylized architecture of a humble home contrasted with royal finery.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: intimate threshold scene, subtle facial expression showing sorrow ripening into detachment; cool dusk tones, delicate brushwork on textiles and simple household objects, negative space emphasizing ‘what use is wealth’.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines, calm frontal brāhmaṇa figure with large contemplative eyes; simplified gold heaps, earthy pigments, temple-wall gravitas conveying vairāgya.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: lotus border framing a renunciation tableau; deep indigo background, gold detailing on coins, symbolic lotus petals drifting away from the gold toward an unseen divine center, intricate floral motifs suggesting inner tīrtha."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"meditative","suggested_raga":"Yaman","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"serene","sound_elements":["soft tanpura drone","distant evening bell","gentle wind","faint crackle of lamp","silence after key lines"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: विगतप्राणौ+इव→विगतप्राणाविव; जीवनेन+अपि→जीवनेनापि; प्र-उवाच+इदम्→प्रोवाचेदम्; सः+अपि→सोऽपि.

FAQs

It questions the ultimate value of wealth, gold, life, and even a home when one is confronted by fear, shock, or existential doubt—pointing toward detachment and higher purpose.

A brāhmaṇa is speaking, and he addresses the king’s men (royal attendants), likely in the midst of a tense or uncertain situation.

Worldly assets and social security are unstable; therefore one should cultivate inner steadiness, virtue, and spiritual priorities rather than relying on possessions for meaning or safety.