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Shloka 14

The Yayāti Episode: Succession and Royal Dharma Instructions to Pūru

जरा मे दीयतां तात तारुण्यं गृह्यतां पुनः । राज्यं कुरु ममेदं त्वं सकोशबलवाहनम्

jarā me dīyatāṃ tāta tāruṇyaṃ gṛhyatāṃ punaḥ | rājyaṃ kuru mamedaṃ tvaṃ sakośabalavāhanam

«Mon cher fils, que ma vieillesse te soit donnée, et que je reprenne à nouveau ta jeunesse. Prends mon royaume, avec son trésor, son armée et ses chars.»

जराःold age
जराः:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootजरā (प्रातिपदिक)
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग (Feminine/स्त्री), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular/एकवचन)
मेof me / my
मे:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (Pronoun)
दीयताम्let (it) be given
दीयताम्:
Vidhi (विधि/Imperative injunction)
TypeVerb
Rootदा (धातु) + यक् (कर्मणि-प्रयोग)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative/लोट्), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person/प्रथम), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive voice)
तातdear father / dear one
तात:
Sambodhana (सम्बोधन/Vocative address)
TypeNoun
Rootतात (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग (Masculine/पुं), सम्बोधन-विभक्ति (Vocative), एकवचन (Singular)
तारुण्यम्youth
तारुण्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootतारुण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter/नपुं), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
गृह्यताम्let (it) be taken/accepted
गृह्यताम्:
Vidhi (विधि/Imperative injunction)
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह् (धातु) + यक् (कर्मणि-प्रयोग)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative/लोट्), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person/प्रथम), एकवचन (Singular); कर्मणि-प्रयोग (Passive voice)
पुनःagain
पुनः:
Kriya-vishesana (क्रियाविशेषण/Adverbial modifier)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय (Indeclinable); क्रियाविशेषण (Adverb)
राज्यम्kingdom, rule
राज्यम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootराज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter/नपुं), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular)
कुरुdo, make
कुरु:
Kriya (क्रिया/Verb action)
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
Formलोट्-लकार (Imperative/लोट्), मध्यम-पुरुष (2nd person/मध्यम), एकवचन (Singular); परस्मैपद (Parasmaipada)
ममmy
मम:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive relation)
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formषष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive/6th), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (Pronoun)
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter/नपुं), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (Pronoun)
त्वम्you
त्वम्:
Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
TypeNoun
Rootयुष्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formप्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); सर्वनाम (Pronoun)
स-कोश-बल-वाहनम्together with treasury, army, and vehicles
स-कोश-बल-वाहनम्:
Visheshana (विशेषण/Qualifier of 'rājyaṃ')
TypeAdjective
Rootस (अव्यय-उपसर्ग/सह) + कोश (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक) + वाहन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter/नपुं), द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); समासः: सह-तत्पुरुष (सह/सहितार्थक-तत्पुरुष) — 'कोशेन बलैः वाहनैश्च सहितम्'

Unspecified in provided excerpt (likely a father addressing his son in dialogue)

Concept: Attachment to youth and power tests dharma; true righteousness is revealed in willingness to bear hardship for elders and uphold rightful order.

Application: Face aging and responsibility with honesty; prioritize duty and care over personal comfort; accept roles that serve family/community.

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Type: city

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"The aged king, eyes clouded with longing, reaches toward his son as if to transfer the very weight of years. The prince stands poised between compassion and destiny, while the kingdom’s regalia—treasury chests, banners, and chariots—glint as symbols of responsibility rather than pleasure.","primary_figures":["Aged King (Yayāti-like figure)","Prince Pūru","Royal minister","Army commander with standard"],"setting":"Throne room opening onto a courtyard where chariots and elephants are visible; treasure chests and armory racks suggest ‘kośa-bala-vāhana’.","lighting_mood":"divine radiance","color_palette":["dusky bronze","lotus pink","sapphire blue","pearl white","dark teak brown"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: dramatic moment of the aged king pleading to exchange jarā for youth with Prince Pūru; gold leaf on crown, throne, and treasure; rich maroons and greens; gem-studded ornaments; expressive hands; ornate arch framing the moral climax.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: poignant father-son exchange with subtle facial emotion; delicate brushwork, soft pinks and blues, patterned textiles, restrained court architecture, lyrical melancholy, fine detailing of chariots in the courtyard.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: iconic frontal composition—king extending hand, prince in composed stance; bold outlines, warm reds/yellows with green accents, large eyes conveying pathos, temple-wall gravitas.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: court scene framed by lotus borders and floral creepers; deep blue background with gold highlights; symbolic motifs of time (withered leaves) and duty (upright standard), intricate textile patterns."}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"slow-meditative","voice_tone":"emotional","sound_elements":["low temple drum (mridang-like)","faint conch echo","heavy silence between phrases"]}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: ममेदं → मम + इदम्; सकोशबलवाहनम् → स + कोश + बल + वाहनम् (समास/समाहार-विशेषण).

FAQs

A father urges his son to assume the kingdom and its resources, poetically asking to exchange his own old age for the son’s youth.

It specifies that sovereignty includes not only authority but also the practical apparatus of rule: treasury (kośa), military force (bala), and conveyances/transport (vāhana).

It highlights human attachment to youth and the inevitability of aging, prompting reflection on impermanence and responsible succession rather than clinging to power.