Shloka 10

The Consecration (Anointing) of Indra

Devanagari script

जिताहारः स धर्मात्मा निद्रया परिवर्जितः । स सर्वान्विषयांस्त्यक्त्वा एकांतमपि सेवते

Transliteration

jitāhāraḥ sa dharmātmā nidrayā parivarjitaḥ | sa sarvānviṣayāṃstyaktvā ekāṃtamapi sevate

Translation

Cet homme à l’âme juste est modéré dans la nourriture et se détourne de l’excès de sommeil ; ayant renoncé à tous les objets des sens, il se voue même à la solitude.

Word by Word

• जित-आहारः: one who has controlled his diet
• जित-आहारः: Karta/Subject (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जित (कृदन्त; जि धातु + क्त) + आहार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहिः—जितः आहारः यस्य (one whose diet is controlled)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta/Subject (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• धर्म-आत्मा: righteous-souled
• धर्म-आत्मा: Karta/Subject (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म + आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); षष्ठीतत्पुरुषः—धर्मस्य आत्मा/धर्मात्मा (righteous-souled)

• निद्रया: by sleep (i.e., with respect to sleep)
• निद्रया: Karana/Instrument (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: निद्रा (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• परिवर्जितः: deprived of / having avoided
• परिवर्जितः: Karta/Subject-Qualifier (कर्ता-विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: परि-वृज् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त-कृदन्त), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• सः: he
• सः: Karta/Subject (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Pronoun (सर्वनाम), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• सर्वान्: all
• सर्वान्: Karma/Object (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सर्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• विषयान्: sense-objects, worldly enjoyments
• विषयान्: Karma/Object (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विषय (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Plural (बहुवचन)

• त्यक्त्वा: having abandoned
• त्यक्त्वा: Purvakala-Kriya (पूर्वकाल-क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: त्यज् (धातु) + त्वा (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा/ल्यप्-कृदन्त), expressing prior action (पूर्वक्रिया)

• एकान्तम्: solitude, a secluded place
• एकान्तम्: Karma/Object (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एकान्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग) or Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग) usage; here Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular (एकवचन)

• अपि: also, even
• अपि: Modifier (अपि)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (अपि-अव्यय)

• सेवते: practices, resorts to
• सेवते: Kriya/Action (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सेव् (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

Speaker

Not specified in the provided excerpt (context needed from surrounding verses).

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: जित+आहारः→जिताहारः; सर्वान्+विषयान्→सर्वान्विषयान्; विषयान्+त्यक्त्वा→विषयांस्त्यक्त्वा; एकान्तम्+अपि→एकांतमपि.

FAQs

What practice is emphasized by the term “jitāhāraḥ” in this verse?

It emphasizes disciplined, moderate eating—regulating diet as part of self-control and spiritual practice.

Why does the verse mention avoiding excessive sleep?

It points to vigilance and restraint: minimizing lethargy supports steadiness in austerity, meditation, and ethical living.

What is the ethical and spiritual lesson of renouncing “viṣayān” (sense-objects)?

The verse teaches detachment from worldly pleasures so the mind can turn inward; solitude (ekānta) supports concentration and inner purification.