Shloka 63

Adhyaya 39 — Yoga Discipline: Posture, Breath Control, Sense Withdrawal, and Signs of Attainment

Sanskrit

आलोल्यमारोग्यमनिष्ठुरत्वं गन्धः शुभो मूत्रपुरीषमल्पम् ।

कान्तिः प्रसादः स्वरसोम्यतां च योगप्रवृत्तेः प्रथमं हि चिह्नम् ॥

Transliteration

ālolyam ārogyam aniṣṭhuratvaṃ gandhaḥ śubho mūtra-purīṣam alpam /

kāntiḥ prasādaḥ svara-saumyatā ca yoga-pravṛtteḥ prathamaṃ hi cihnam //

Translation

Légèreté (ou aisance agile), santé, absence de rudesse, odeur corporelle agréable, peu d’urine et de selles, rayonnement, clarté/sérénité, et douceur de la voix—tels sont, en vérité, les premiers signes de l’engagement dans le yoga.

Word by Word

• आलोल्यम्: absence of restlessness/steadiness
• आलोल्यम्: कर्ता/विषय (Item in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आलोल्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• आरोग्यम्: health
• आरोग्यम्: कर्ता/विषय (Item in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आरोग्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• अनिष्ठुरत्वम्: gentleness (non-harshness)
• अनिष्ठुरत्वम्: कर्ता/विषय (Item in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अनिष्ठुरत्व (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• गन्धः: smell/fragrance
• गन्धः: कर्ता/विषय (Item in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: गन्ध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• शुभः: pleasant
• शुभः: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शुभ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (गन्धस्य)

• मूत्रपुरीषम्: urine and feces
• मूत्रपुरीषम्: कर्ता/विषय (Item in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: मूत्र + पुरीष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; द्वन्द्वः (copulative)

• अल्पम्: scanty
• अल्पम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अल्प (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (मूत्रपुरीषस्य)

• कान्तिः: radiance
• कान्तिः: कर्ता/विषय (Item in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कान्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• प्रसादः: clarity/serenity
• प्रसादः: कर्ता/विषय (Item in list)
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रसाद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• स्वर- सौम्यता: gentleness/pleasantness of voice
• स्वर- सौम्यता: कर्म (Object within list; coordinated)
• Type: Noun
• Root: स्वर + सौम्यता (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः (voice-related gentleness)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; समुच्चय (conjunction)

• योग-प्रवृत्तेः: of the commencement of yoga-practice
• योग-प्रवृत्तेः: सम्बन्ध (Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: योग + प्रवृत्ति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th/Genitive), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः

• प्रथमम्: first
• प्रथमम्: विशेषण (Qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रथम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन; विशेषणम् (चिह्नस्य)

• हि: indeed
• हि: सम्बन्ध (Emphasis/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: हि (अव्यय)
• Form: अव्यय; निश्चय/हेतौ (indeed/for)

• चिह्नम्: sign/mark
• चिह्नम्: कर्ता (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: चिह्न (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

Speakers

• Instructional discourse within Jaḍopākhyāna (yoga-teaching voice addressing the king)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "adbhuta", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Lakṣaṇas (signs)
• Purification
• Sattvic transformation

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Yoga is validated by ethical and physiological refinement—mildness, clarity, and balanced bodily functions—rather than by claims of power.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

Upadeśa on yogic progress markers; not pancalakṣaṇa.

What is the esoteric significance?

The signs point to prāṇa becoming regulated and sattva predominating: radiance and serenity indicate inner coherence; reduced excretions symbolize efficient assimilation and diminished tamas.