Shloka 34

Adhyaya 39 — Yoga Discipline: Posture, Breath Control, Sense Withdrawal, and Signs of Attainment

Sanskrit

सदात्मरतिरैकस्थः वश्यत्यात्मानमात्मनि । स बाह्याभ्यन्तरं शौचं निष्पाद्याकण्ठनाभितः ॥

Transliteration

sadātmaratir ekasthaḥ vaśyaty ātmānam ātmani | sa bāhyābhyantaraṃ śaucaṃ niṣpādya ākaṇṭhanābhitaḥ ||

Translation

Se réjouissant toujours dans le Soi (Ātman) et établi dans la concentration en un seul point, il met le soi sous contrôle au sein du Soi. Il accomplit alors la pureté extérieure et intérieure, du nombril jusqu’à la gorge.

Word by Word

• सदात्मरतिः: delight in the true Self
• सदात्मरतिः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सत् + आत्म + रति (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular; तत्पुरुष (बहुपद): सत्-आत्म-रति (‘one whose delight is in the true Self’)

• एकस्थः: one-pointed
• एकस्थः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एकस्थ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; adjective to implied yogin; तत्पुरुष: एक + स्थ (‘standing in one place/one-pointed’)

• वश्यति: controls/subdues
• वश्यति: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वश् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (present indicative), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Singular

• आत्मानम्: the self
• आत्मानम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular

• आत्मनि: in the self
• आत्मनि: Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: आत्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Singular

• सः: he
• सः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular; demonstrative pronoun

• बाह्याभ्यन्तरम्: external and internal
• बाह्याभ्यन्तरम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: बाह्य + अभ्यन्तर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular; द्वन्द्व (itaretara): बाह्य + अभ्यन्तर (‘external and internal’), used adjectivally for ‘शौचम्’

• शौचम्: purification/cleanliness
• शौचम्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शौच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• निष्पाद्य: having accomplished
• निष्पाद्य: Kriyāviśeṣaṇa (क्रियाविशेषण)
• Type: Verb
• Root: निस् + पद् (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund); ‘having accomplished/produced’

• आकण्ठनाभितः: from throat to navel (region)
• आकण्ठनाभितः: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देश-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: आ + कण्ठ + नाभि + तस् (प्रातिपदिक/अव्यय)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव (adverbial compound) with तस्-anta; ‘from the throat to the navel / up to throat and navel region’ (direction/extent adverb)

Speakers

• Father–son dialogue (specific names not provided in the input)

Verse Rasa

{ "primaryRasa": "shanta", "secondaryRasa": "bhakti", "rasaIntensity": 0, "emotionalArcPosition": "", "moodDescriptors": [] }

Key Themes

• Yoga
• Śauca (purity)
• Self-mastery
• One-pointedness (ekāgratā)

FAQs

What is the philosophical or ethical takeaway?

Purity is not only hygienic but psychological: inner cleanliness (freedom from agitation/impurity) supports stable absorption and self-governance.

How does this fit the Pancalakshana (5 characteristics)?

A yogic-ethical instruction (ācāra) section; not part of the five hallmark narrative categories.

What is the esoteric significance?

The specified bodily region (navel–throat) is associated with breath and internal currents; ‘internal purity’ can imply cleansing and balancing prāṇa pathways prior to deeper breath-retention and concentration.