Shloka 64
युधिछिर उवाच सार्थ: प्रवसतो मित्र भार्या मित्र गृहे सतः । आतुरस्य भिषड्मित्र दानं मित्र मरिष्यत:
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | sārthaḥ pravasato mitraṁ bhāryā mitraṁ gṛhe sataḥ | āturasya bhiṣag mitraṁ dānaṁ mitraṁ mariṣyataḥ ||
Yudhiṣṭhira dit : Pour celui qui voyage au loin, la caravane et les compagnons de route sont ses amis ; pour celui qui demeure au foyer, l’épouse est l’amie ; pour le malade, le médecin est l’ami ; et pour l’homme qui approche de la mort, l’ami véritable est la charité — le don méritoire qui le soutient au-delà de cette vie.
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Friendship is defined by practical support suited to one’s condition: companionship for the traveler, partnership for the householder, healing for the sick, and—at life’s end—merit through charity. The verse frames ‘mitra’ as that which sustains a person in their immediate need and in their ultimate transition.
In the Vana Parva’s didactic context, Yudhiṣṭhira articulates a moral observation about who (or what) truly serves as a ‘friend’ in different life-situations, emphasizing social interdependence and the special salvific value of dāna when death approaches.