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Shloka 9

राजधर्मः—प्रमादवर्जनं, दण्डनीतिः, दुर्बलरक्षणम्

Royal Dharma: Vigilance, Just Punishment, Protection of the Vulnerable

राजैव कर्ता भूतानां राजैव च विनाशक: । धर्मात्मा यः स कर्तास्यादधर्मात्मा विनाशक:

rājāiva kartā bhūtānāṃ rājāiva ca vināśakaḥ | dharmātmā yaḥ sa kartā syād adharmātmā vināśakaḥ ||

Utathya dit : Le roi seul est le façonnier des êtres vivants, et le roi seul est aussi leur destructeur. Le roi voué au dharma devient, pour ainsi dire, le dispensateur et le soutien de la vie de ses sujets ; mais le roi voué à l’adharma devient l’instrument de leur ruine. Ainsi la royauté apparaît comme une puissance moralement décisive : la même autorité qui protège peut aussi ravager, selon l’accord intérieur du souverain avec la justice.

राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
कर्ताcreator/doer
कर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूतानाम्of beings/creatures
भूतानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विनाशकःdestroyer
विनाशकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविनाशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धर्मात्माrighteous-souled
धर्मात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्ताcreator/doer
कर्ता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकर्तृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्would be/is (as a rule)
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अधर्मात्माunrighteous-souled/sinful
अधर्मात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधर्मात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विनाशकःdestroyer
विनाशकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविनाशक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

उतथ्य उवाच

U
Utathya
R
rājā (the king)
B
bhūtāni/bhūtāḥ (living beings/subjects)

Educational Q&A

Royal power is ethically double-edged: the king’s conduct determines whether his rule becomes life-sustaining protection (when grounded in dharma) or destructive oppression (when grounded in adharma).

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on statecraft and righteousness, the sage Utathya teaches about the moral weight of kingship, emphasizing that a ruler’s inner commitment to dharma directly shapes the welfare or ruin of the people.