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Shloka 54

Mantri-Parīkṣā — Testing Ministers, Securing Counsel, and Ethical Criteria for Advisers (अध्याय ८४)

धर्मार्थकामज्ञमुपेत्य पृच्छेद्‌ युक्तो गुरु ब्राह्मणमुत्तरार्थम्‌ । निष्ठा कृता तेन यदा सहः स्यात्‌ त॑ मन्त्रमार्ग प्रणयेदसक्त:,राजा सावधान होकर धर्म, अर्थ और कामके ज्ञाता ब्राह्मणगुरुक समीप जा उनका उत्तर जाननेके लिये उनकी राय पूछे। जब वे कोई निर्णय दे दें और वह सब लोगोंको एक मतसे स्वीकार हो जाय, तब राजा दूसरे किसी विचारमें न पड़कर उसी मन्त्रमार्ग (विचारपद्धति) को कार्यरूपमें परिणत करे

dharmārthakāmajñam upetya pṛcched yukto guru-brāhmaṇam uttarārtham | niṣṭhā kṛtā tena yadā sahaḥ syāt taṁ mantramārgaṁ praṇayed asaktaḥ ||

Bhīṣma dit : Que le roi, vigilant et maître de lui, s’approche d’un précepteur brahmane versé en dharma, artha et kāma, et l’interroge afin d’obtenir une réponse décisive. Lorsque ce maître aura tranché l’affaire et qu’une conclusion ferme sera atteinte avec l’assentiment du conseil, le roi ne doit pas s’égarer vers d’autres voies de pensée ; sans attachement, qu’il mette en œuvre ce chemin même du conseil, en politique et en acte.

धर्मार्थकामज्ञम्one who knows dharma, artha and kama
धर्मार्थकामज्ञम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootधर्मार्थकामज्ञ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उपेत्यhaving approached
उपेत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-इ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
पृच्छेत्should ask
पृच्छेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
युक्तःdisciplined / attentive / properly disposed
युक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयुक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
गुरुteacher
गुरु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ब्राह्मणम्brahmin
ब्राह्मणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootब्राह्मण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उत्तरार्थम्for the answer / for the purpose of a reply
उत्तरार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउत्तरार्थ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
निष्ठाdecision / settled conclusion
निष्ठा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनिष्ठा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कृताmade / fixed
कृता:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
तेनby him / by that (person)
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
यदाwhen
यदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदा
सहःagreement / concurrence (unanimity)
सहः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसह
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्यात्should be / would be
स्यात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
मन्त्रमार्गम्the counsel-path / course of deliberation
मन्त्रमार्गम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमन्त्रमार्ग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
प्रणयेत्should put into effect / should carry out
प्रणयेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-नी
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
असक्तःunattached / not clinging (to other views)
असक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle) with privative a-

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
B
Brahmin guru (guru-brāhmaṇa)

Educational Q&A

A ruler should seek guidance from a qualified, ethically grounded teacher skilled in dharma, artha, and kāma; once a sound consensus decision is reached, the ruler should implement it steadily, without being swayed by competing opinions or personal attachment.

In Bhishma’s instruction on rājadharma in the Śānti Parva, he outlines a practical protocol for kingship: approach a learned Brahmin preceptor, ask for a clear ruling, confirm a settled conclusion with collective agreement, and then execute that counsel as state policy.