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Shloka 7

Chapter 78: Royal Responsibility for Wealth, Social Order, and the Protection of Dvijas

Kekaya Exemplum

केकयानामधिपतिं रक्षो जग्राह दारुणम्‌ । स्वाध्यायेनान्वितं राजन्नरण्ये संशितव्रतम्‌

kekayānām adhipatiṁ rakṣo jagrāha dāruṇam | svādhyāyenānvitaṁ rājann araṇye saṁśitavratam ||

Bhīṣma dit : «Ô roi, jadis un rākṣasa redoutable s’empara du seigneur des Kekayas alors qu’il se trouvait dans la forêt, ferme dans des vœux d’austérité et voué au svādhyāya (l’étude et la récitation des textes sacrés). Cet épisode montre que même un souverain discipliné, adonné au tapas et au svādhyāya, peut être frappé d’épreuves soudaines ; et que ces épreuves deviennent un terrain d’épreuve pour le dharma et la constance intérieure.»

केकयानाम्of the Kekayas
केकयानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootकेकय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अधिपतिम्the lord/king
अधिपतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअधिपति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
रक्षःa demon (rakshas)
रक्षः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootरक्षस्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
जग्राहseized/captured
जग्राह:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रह्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
दारुणम्terrible/fierce
दारुणम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदारुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
स्वाध्यायेनwith self-study/recitation
स्वाध्यायेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वाध्याय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अन्वितम्endowed/possessed (with)
अन्वितम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्वित
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular, kta (past passive participle)
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अरण्येin the forest
अरण्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअरण्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
संशितव्रतम्one whose vow is sharpened/strict; of austere vows
संशितव्रतम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसंशित-व्रत
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
K
Kekaya king (lord of the Kekayas)
R
Rākṣasa
F
Forest (araṇya)
S
Svādhyāya

Educational Q&A

The verse frames adversity as a test of dharma: even a ruler practicing strict vows and svādhyāya can be confronted by sudden danger, and the ethical focus shifts to how one maintains steadiness, restraint, and right conduct under threat.

Bhīṣma begins an illustrative story: a fearsome rākṣasa captures the king of the Kekayas while the king is living in the forest, engaged in austere observances and sacred self-study.