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Shloka 37

राजा-दैवतत्वम् — The King as a Stabilizing ‘Daivata’ (Divine Function) in Social Order

भोजनान्यथ पानानि राज्ञे दग्युर्ग्हाणि च । आसनानि च शबय्याक्ष सर्वोपकरणानि च

bhojanāny atha pānāni rājñe gṛhāṇi ca | āsanāni ca śayyāś ca sarvopakaraṇāni ca ||

Bhīṣma dit : « Il faut pourvoir le roi de nourriture et de boisson, de demeures, de sièges et de lits, ainsi que de tout autre nécessaire. Car lorsqu’un roi est vaincu par d’autres, cela devient une cause de souffrance pour tout le peuple ; c’est pourquoi les sujets doivent offrir au roi tous les soutiens—tels que parasols, véhicules, vêtements, ornements, nourriture, boisson, habitations, sièges, lits, et autres choses semblables—afin que le royaume demeure en sûreté et bien gouverné. »

भोजनानिfoods
भोजनानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभोजन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
अथand then/also
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
पानानिdrinks
पानानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
राज्ञेto the king
राज्ञे:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Dative, Singular
गृहाणिhouses/dwellings
गृहाणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगृह
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आसनानिseats
आसनानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआसन
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शय्याःbeds
शय्याः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशय्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सर्वोपकरणानिall requisites/implements
सर्वोपकरणानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-उपकरण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (rājā)
F
food (bhojana)
D
drink (pāna)
H
houses (gṛha)
S
seats (āsana)
B
beds (śayyā)
R
requisites/supplies (upakaraṇa)

Educational Q&A

The welfare of the people is tied to the stability and strength of righteous kingship; therefore subjects have a civic-dharmic duty to materially support the king with necessities so that he can protect the realm and prevent collective suffering.

In Bhishma’s instruction on rajadharma in the Shanti Parva, he explains to the listener that a king’s defeat harms the whole population, and thus enumerates the kinds of provisions and resources that subjects should offer to sustain royal authority and public security.