Shloka 40
Prāyaścitta-vidhāna: Tapas, Dāna, Vrata, and Proportional Expiation (प्रायश्चित्तविधानम्)
Devanagari script
यथा खदिरमालम्ब्य शिलां वाप्यर्णवं तरन् मज्जेत मज्जतस्तद्वद् दाता यश्च प्रतिग्रही
Translation
De même que celui qui, s’appuyant sur du bois de khadira ou sur une dalle de pierre pour traverser l’océan, sombre au milieu des flots, ainsi sombrent celui qui donne sans la règle et celui qui reçoit sans la règle : le yajamāna comme le purohita.
Word by Word
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
खदिरम्khadira wood/log (acacia)
खदिरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootखदिर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आलम्ब्यhaving taken support of / leaning on
आलम्ब्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-लम्ब्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
शिलाम्a rock, stone slab
शिलाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिला
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अर्णवम्ocean
अर्णवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्णव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तरन्crossing (while trying to cross)
तरन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootतॄ
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
मज्जेतwould sink
मज्जेत:
TypeVerb
Rootमज्ज्
FormVidhi-ling (optative), Parasmaipada, 3rd, Singular
मज्जतःof one who is sinking
मज्जतः:
TypeVerb
Rootमज्ज्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
तद्वत्so, in the same way
तद्वत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद्वत्
दाताgiver (donor)
दाता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
प्रतिग्रहीreceiver (one who accepts gifts)
प्रतिग्रही:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिग्रहिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
व्यास उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes