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Shloka 6

तृष्णाक्षय-उपदेशः

Instruction on the Cessation of Craving

यथा मातरमश्रित्य सर्वे जीवन्ति जन्तव: । एवं गार्हस्थ्यमाश्रित्य वर्तन्त इतराश्रमा:

yathā mātaram āśritya sarve jīvanti jantavaḥ | evaṁ gārhasthyam āśritya vartanta itarāśramāḥ ||

Kapila enseigne que, de même que tous les êtres vivent en prenant refuge auprès de leur mère, de même les autres états de vie ne subsistent qu’en s’appuyant sur l’ordre du maître de maison. La vie domestique est présentée comme le soutien de la société et du vaste système du dharma, car elle nourrit, protège et pourvoit à ceux qui poursuivent d’autres disciplines.

यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
मातरम्mother
मातरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आश्रित्यhaving taken refuge in / depending on
आश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
सर्वेall
सर्वे:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
जीवन्तिlive
जीवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootजीव्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
जन्तवःcreatures / living beings
जन्तवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
एवम्thus / in the same way
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
गार्हस्थ्यम्the householder stage (gṛhastha-āśrama)
गार्हस्थ्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगार्हस्थ्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आश्रित्यhaving taken refuge in / depending on
आश्रित्य:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-श्रि
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
वर्तन्तेexist / continue / are maintained
वर्तन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Plural, Atmanepada
इतरother
इतर:
TypeAdjective
Rootइतर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आश्रमाःstages of life (āśramas)
आश्रमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआश्रम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural

कपिल उवाच

K
Kapila
M
mātṛ (mother)
G
gārhasthya (householder āśrama)
I
itarāśramāḥ (other āśramas)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches the interdependence of the four āśramas, emphasizing that gārhasthya (householder life) sustains the others—much like a mother sustains living beings—through support, provision, and protection within dharma.

In Śānti Parva’s instructional discourse, Kapila speaks as a teacher, using a vivid simile (mother and creatures) to explain why the householder order is foundational for the functioning of the other life-stages.