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Shloka 23

Gṛhastha-vṛtti and Niyama: Models of Householder Livelihood and Discipline (गृहस्थवृत्ति-नियमाः)

अददातेषु संजातस्त्रिसंदेहस्त्रिकर्मकृत्‌ । तस्मादुन्मज्जने तिषछेत्‌ प्रज्ञया निस्तरेद्‌ यथा

adadāteṣu saṃjātas tri-saṃdehas tri-karmakṛt | tasmād unmaj-jane tiṣṭhet prajñayā nistared yathā ||

Vyāsa dit : Lorsqu’un brahmane naît dans une lignée noble, il doit considérer avec une triple prudence les trois actes liés à la subsistance—enseigner, officier les sacrifices et accepter des dons—afin que l’attachement ne s’élève pas. Pourtant, il doit accomplir avec fidélité les trois devoirs—l’étude, le sacrifice et le don. De quelque manière que ce soit, qu’il s’efforce de sa délivrance par le discernement, afin de franchir le courant périlleux de l’existence mondaine.

अददातेषुamong non-givers (those who do not give)
अददातेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअददातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Plural
संजातःborn; arisen
संजातः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसम्+जन् (धातु) / संजात (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिसंदेहःhaving three doubts / doubting in three ways
त्रिसंदेहः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि + सन्देह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिकर्मकृत्performer of the three duties
त्रिकर्मकृत्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि + कर्म + कृत् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore; from that (reason)
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
उन्मज्जनेin (the act of) emerging/surfacing; in deliverance
उन्मज्जने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउन्मज्जन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तिष्ठेत्should stand; should remain/strive
तिष्ठेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्था (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रज्ञयाby wisdom; through discernment
प्रज्ञया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रज्ञा (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
निस्तरेत्should cross over; should get through
निस्तरेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootनिस्+तॄ (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
यथाas; in such a way that
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा (अव्यय)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
Brāhmaṇa

Educational Q&A

A Brahmin should perform the traditional duties of study, sacrifice, and charity, but treat teaching-for-gain, priestly service, and accepting gifts with vigilant caution, using discernment to avoid attachment and to pursue liberation.

Vyāsa is instructing on right conduct in the Śānti Parva’s ethical discourse, outlining how a Brahmin should balance obligatory duties with careful restraint regarding livelihood and remuneration, aiming to ‘cross over’ worldly danger through wisdom.