Vimokṣa-niścaya: Pañcaśikha’s Analysis of Aggregates, Guṇas, and Tyāga (मोक्षनिर्णयः)
सत्यशौचार्जवत्यागैर्वर्चसा विक्रमेण च | क्षान्त्या धृत्या च बुद्धथा च मनसा तपसैव च
satyaśaucārjavattyāgair varcasā vikrameṇa ca | kṣāntyā dhṛtyā ca buddhayā ca manasā tapasāiva ca ||
Bhīṣma dit : «Par la véracité, la pureté, la droiture et la générosité ; par l’éclat spirituel et la vaillance ; et encore par la patience, la fermeté, la juste intelligence, l’esprit discipliné et l’austérité (tapas)—(l’homme est affermi et rendu digne du bien suprême).»
भीष्म उवाच
Bhīṣma lists the foundational virtues that build moral and spiritual strength: truth, purity, sincerity, generosity/renunciation, inner radiance, courage, patience, steadfastness, discernment, mental discipline, and austerity.
In the Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma after the war. Here he continues a didactic sequence, enumerating qualities that constitute righteous conduct and inner excellence.