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Shloka 163

Adhyāya 199: Karma–Jñāna Causality and the Nirguṇa Brahman

Manu’s Instruction

भविता च विवादोऊत्र तव तेषां च धर्मतः । तब सावित्रीदेवीने मधुर वाणीमें “तथास्तु” कहा। इसके बाद देवीने ब्राह्मणका प्रिय करनेकी इच्छासे यह दूसरा वचन और कहा--:विप्रवर! जहाँ दूसरे श्रेष्ठ ब्राह्मण गये हैं

bhavitā ca vivādo 'tra tava teṣāṃ ca dharmataḥ | tataḥ sāvitrīdevī madhuravāṇyā me "tathāstu" ity uvāca | tataḥ paraṃ devī brāhmaṇasya priyaṃ kartum icchantī idaṃ dvitīyaṃ vacanam apy āha— vipravara! yatra anye śreṣṭhā brāhmaṇā gatāḥ, teṣu svargādiṣu nimnaśreṇīṣu lokeṣu tvaṃ na gamiṣyasi | tubhyaṃ svabhāvasiddhaṃ nirdōṣaṃ brahmapadaṃ prāpsyasi | tvayā mayi yātra prārthanā kṛtā sā paripūrṇā bhaviṣyati | ahaṃ tāṃ paripūrayituṃ yatnaṃ kariṣyāmi | tvaṃ niyamapūrvakam ekāgracitto japaṃ kuru | dharmaḥ svayam tava sevāyāṃ upasthāsyati | kālaḥ mṛtyuś ca yamaś ca api tava nikaṭaṃ upagamiṣyanti, teṣāṃ sarvaiḥ saha iha dharmānukūlo vāda-vivādaś ca bhaviṣyati |

Bhīṣma dit : «Ici, conformément au dharma, s’élèvera une controverse entre toi et eux.» Alors la déesse Sāvitrī, d’une voix douce, me dit : «Tathāstu — qu’il en soit ainsi.» Puis, désirant accorder au brahmane ce qui lui était cher, la déesse formula une seconde promesse : «Ô le meilleur des brāhmaṇas, tu n’iras pas vers ces mondes de rang inférieur, à commencer par le ciel — ces destinations où sont allés d’autres brāhmaṇas éminents. Tu atteindras le Brahman-pada, l’état de Brahman, sans tache et sans défaut, naturellement établi dans sa propre pureté. La requête que tu m’as adressée ici sera accomplie ; je m’efforcerai de la mener à son terme. Accomplis le japa l’esprit concentré, en observant tes disciplines. Le Dharma lui-même viendra te servir. Kāla (le Temps), Mṛtyu (la Mort) et Yama s’approcheront aussi de toi, et ici se tiendra avec eux tous une disputation conforme au dharma.»

भविताwill be
भविता:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formलृट् (simple future), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विवादःdispute, debate
विवादः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविवाद (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
उतalso / moreover
उत:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootउत
तवof you / your
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Form—, genitive, singular
तेषाम्of them
तेषाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (प्रातिपदिक)
Form—, genitive, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
धर्मतःaccording to dharma / by right
धर्मतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootधर्म (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतसिल्-प्रत्यय (ablatival adverb)

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
Savitri (Sāvitrī-devī)
B
Brahmin (vipra)
D
Dharma (personified)
K
Kāla (Time)
M
Mṛtyu (Death)
Y
Yama
S
Svarga (Heaven)
B
Brahmapada (state of Brahman)

Educational Q&A

The passage elevates disciplined spiritual practice (niyama and one-pointed japa) as a means to the highest goal—faultless brahmapada—surpassing even meritorious heavenly worlds. It also frames ethical truth as something that can withstand scrutiny: dharma itself, along with cosmic forces like Time, Death, and Yama, becomes the arena and standard for a righteous debate.

Bhishma recounts that Savitri grants assent (“tathāstu”) and then offers a further boon to a brahmin: he will not go to lesser celestial realms but will attain the pure Brahman-state. She instructs him to practice japa with disciplined concentration, promising that Dharma—and even Kāla, Mṛtyu, and Yama—will come near, leading to a dharma-aligned disputation.