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Shloka 10

Draupadī’s Exhortation on Rājadharma and Daṇḍa (द्रौपद्याः राजधर्मोपदेशः)

विरथांश्व रथान्‌ कृत्वा निहत्य च महागजान्‌ | संस्तीर्य च रथैर्भूमिं ससादिभिररिंदमा:

virathānśva-rathān kṛtvā nihatya ca mahāgajān | saṃstīrya ca rathair bhūmiṃ sasādibhir ariṃdamāḥ ||

Vaiśampāyana dit : «Ô roi, ces frères, héros dompteurs d’ennemis, parlèrent jadis avec une résolution inébranlable : “Au combat, nous frapperons Duryodhana, nous laisserons les guerriers de char sans char, et nous abattrons les grands éléphants ; avec nos chars et leurs attelages de chevaux, nous couvrirons la terre comme d’un tapis. Ensuite, nous jouirons de la terre entière, riche de tous les plaisirs. Et en accomplissant de nombreux sacrifices prospères, achevés selon le rite avec d’abondants dons et dakṣiṇā (rétributions sacerdotales), voués au culte du Seigneur, cette peine née de l’exil forestier se changera en bonheur.” Toi-même les avais réconfortés par de telles paroles à Dvaitavana ; pourquoi, aujourd’hui, brises-tu de nouveau nos cœurs ?»

विरथान्chariotless
विरथान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootविरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अश्व-रथान्horse-chariots / chariots with horses
अश्व-रथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व-रथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
कृत्वाhaving made
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
निहत्यhaving slain
निहत्य:
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (नि-)
Formक्त्वा/ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
महागजान्great elephants
महागजान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहागज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
संस्तीर्यhaving strewn/covered
संस्तीर्य:
TypeVerb
Rootस्तॄ (सम्-)
Formक्त्वा/ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund)
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
रथैःwith chariots
रथैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
भूमिम्the earth/ground
भूमिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
स-आसादिभिःtogether with riders/attendants (incl. horsemen etc.)
स-आसादिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस + आसादि
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
अरिंदमाःenemy-subduers (heroes)
अरिंदमाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअरिंदम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśaṃpāyana
K
King (rājan)
D
Dvaitavana (Dvaita forest)
D
Duryodhana
B
Brothers (the Pāṇḍavas, implied)
C
Charioteers/chariot-warriors (rathin, implied)
W
War-elephants (mahāgaja)
C
Chariots (ratha)
H
Horses/teams (aśva; sasādibhiḥ)
S
Sacrifices (yajña, implied in the prose context)
G
Gifts and priestly fees (dāna-dakṣiṇā, implied in the prose context)
T
The Lord (Bhagavān, implied in the prose context)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores ethical consistency and responsibility in leadership: one who has strengthened others with vows of courage and righteous purpose should not later undermine their morale. It also links martial resolve with post-war dharmic restoration through sacrifice, generosity, and devotion.

In the Shānti Parva frame, a recollection is made of earlier days in Dvaitavana when the brothers, enduring hardships of exile, were encouraged with confident promises: they would defeat Duryodhana, devastate enemy forces, and then rule and perform great sacrifices. The speaker contrasts that earlier encouragement with the present moment, questioning why their hearts are now being broken.