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Shloka 18

त्रिवर्गमूलनिश्चयः — Determining the Roots of Dharma, Artha, and Kāma

Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 123

तस्मिन प्रवृत्ते सत्रे तु ब्रह्मण: पार्थिवर्षभ । दृष्टरूपप्रधानत्वाद्‌ दण्ड: सो<न्तर्हितो$भवत्‌

tasmin pravṛtte satre tu brahmaṇaḥ pārthivarṣabha | dṛṣṭarūpapradhānatvād daṇḍaḥ so 'ntarhito 'bhavat ||

Vasuharoma dit : « Ô taureau parmi les rois, lorsque la session sacrificielle (satra) mise en mouvement par Brahmā eut commencé, le bâton de Brahmā (daṇḍa) disparut. Car, dès lors que le sacrifice fut gouverné surtout par ce qui est manifeste et visible, cet emblème de l’autorité punitive ne se montra plus. »

तस्मिन्in that (place/occasion)
तस्मिन्:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
प्रवृत्तेhaving begun / in progress
प्रवृत्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रवृत्त (प्र + √वृत्)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
सत्रेin the sacrificial session (sattra)
सत्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
ब्रह्मणःof Brahmā
ब्रह्मणः:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
पार्थिवर्षभO bull among kings
पार्थिवर्षभ:
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थिव + ऋषभ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
दृष्टby (being) seen / visible
दृष्ट:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootदृष्ट (√दृश्)
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
रूपform/appearance
रूप:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरूप
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रधानत्वात्because of predominance
प्रधानत्वात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रधानत्व
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
दण्डःthe staff/rod
दण्डः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदण्ड
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःthat (he/it)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अन्तर्हितःhidden/vanished
अन्तर्हितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअन्तर्हित (अन्तर् + √धा)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became / happened
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Root√भू
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular
नृपश्रेष्ठO best of kings
नृपश्रेष्ठ:
TypeNoun
Rootनृप + श्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

वसुहरोम उवाच

वसुहरोम (Vasuharoma)
ब्रह्मा (Brahmā)
दण्ड (daṇḍa, Brahmā’s staff/rod)
सत्र (satra, sacrificial session)
पार्थिवर्षभ (address to a king, unspecified here)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses the disappearance of Brahmā’s daṇḍa (rod of punishment/authority) to suggest that when a sacred undertaking is governed by manifest, properly ordered ritual action, coercive enforcement recedes; visible, disciplined performance itself sustains order.

As Brahmā’s satra begins, the narrative notes a symbolic change: Brahmā’s staff vanishes, explained as a result of the sacrifice’s predominance of directly visible, manifest ritual form and procedure.