Shloka 23
Bhṛtya-niyoga: Role-appropriate appointment of servants and protection of the royal treasury (भृत्यनियोगः कोशरक्षणं च)
राजा गुणशताकीर्ण एष्टव्यस्तादृशो भवेत् | योधाश्रैव मनुष्येन्द्र सर्वे गुणगणैर्वृता:
bhīṣma uvāca | rājā guṇaśatākīrṇa eṣṭavyas tādṛśo bhavet | yodhāś caiva manuṣyendra sarve guṇagaṇair vṛtāḥ |
Bhishma dit : « Le roi paré de centaines de vertus est le souverain qu’il faut souhaiter et choisir pour le bien du peuple. Et toi, seigneur des hommes, les guerriers qui l’assistent dans la protection du royaume doivent, eux aussi, être pourvus d’ensembles de qualités éminentes. C’est pourquoi il faut rechercher des hommes de bien pour cette charge, et un roi qui désire sa propre élévation ne doit jamais rabaisser ses soldats. »
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A ruler should be richly endowed with virtues, and his military supporters should also be men of strong character; for effective and righteous governance, the king must select good people for protection of the realm and must not insult or demean his soldiers, since their dignity and morale are integral to the kingdom’s security and the king’s own success.
In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on rajadharma, Bhishma addresses the king (traditionally Yudhishthira) and lays down standards for governance: the ideal king is virtuous, and those who defend the state must likewise be qualified by good qualities; the passage emphasizes careful selection of personnel and respectful treatment of the army.