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Shloka 23

Nīti-upadeśa to a Rājaputra: Self-restraint, Alliances, and Rival-Management (नीतिउपदेशः)

ततो गच्छसि सिद्धार्थ:पीड्यमानं महाजनम्‌ | योगधर्मविदं पुण्यं कंचिदस्योपवर्णयेत्‌

tato gacchasi siddhārthaḥ pīḍyamānaṁ mahājanam | yogadharmavidaṁ puṇyaṁ kaṁcid asyopavarṇayet ||

Bhīṣma dit : « Alors tu t’en iras, ton dessein accompli. Ensuite, devant ce roi, tu devras dépeindre la détresse du peuple opprimé, et aussi célébrer quelque homme vertueux qui connaît le dharma du yoga. Par un tel tableau, le souverain ennemi pourra être porté à renoncer à son royaume. (Mais s’il demeure inébranlable et que le détachement ne s’éveille pas en lui, alors—par l’entremise d’hommes que tu auras mandatés—il faudra recourir à un art médicinal éprouvé, réputé anéantir tous les ennemis, afin de faire périr les éléphants, les chevaux et les soldats de l’adversaire.) »

ततःthen/from there
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
गच्छसिyou go
गच्छसि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
FormLat (present), 2, singular, Parasmaipada
सिद्धार्थःone whose purpose is accomplished / successful
सिद्धार्थः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसिद्धार्थ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
पीड्यमानम्being afflicted/oppressed
पीड्यमानम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपीड्
Formpresent passive participle (शानच्), masculine, accusative, singular
महाजनम्the multitude / common people
महाजनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहाजन
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
योगधर्मविदम्knower of the dharma of yoga
योगधर्मविदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोगधर्मविद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
पुण्यम्virtuous/holy
पुण्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपुण्य
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
कञ्चित्some (someone)
कञ्चित्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Root
Formmasculine, accusative, singular, indefinite (चित्)
अस्यof him/of this
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, singular
उपवर्णयेत्should describe/relate
उपवर्णयेत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउपवर्णय्
FormVidhi-lin (optative), 3, singular, Parasmaipada

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
K
king (unnamed, hostile/enemy king)
M
mahājana (the people/common populace)
Y
yogadharmavit puṇyātmā (a virtuous knower of yoga-dharma)
E
elephants
H
horses
S
soldiers/men

Educational Q&A

Bhishma frames a strategy of moral persuasion: first move a hostile ruler by showing the suffering of the people and by praising a virtuous exemplar of yoga-dharma, so that renunciation or restraint may arise. The passage also reflects the tension in raja-dharma between ethical suasion and harsher measures when persuasion fails.

In Shanti Parva’s instruction on governance and policy, Bhishma advises how to influence an enemy king: narrate public suffering and highlight the greatness of a righteous, disciplined person to induce the enemy to abandon his claim. The accompanying prose context (as in the provided Hindi) continues with an escalation plan if the king remains unmoved.