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Shloka 4

Chapter 23: Śakuni Reports, Kaurava Advance, and Arjuna’s Penetration of the Host

तावकानां परेषां च देवासुररणोपमम्‌ । परेषां तव सैन्ये वा नासीत्‌ कश्चित्‌ पराड्मुख:

tāvakānāṃ pareṣāṃ ca devāsura-raṇopamam | pareṣāṃ tava sainye vā nāsīt kaścit parāṅmukhaḥ ||

Sañjaya dit : Dans cette bataille—semblable à la guerre légendaire entre dieux et asura—pas un seul homme ne détourna le visage pour fuir, ni parmi tes troupes ni parmi celles de l’ennemi. Des deux côtés, on soutint le choc avec une résolution égale, révélant une sombre égalité de courage au cœur d’un conflit mû par la rivalité et le devoir.

तावकानाम्of your (men)
तावकानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootतावक
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
परेषाम्of the enemies/others
परेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
देव-असुर-रण-उपमम्like the battle of gods and asuras
देव-असुर-रण-उपमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootदेवासुररणोपम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
परेषाम्of the enemies/others
परेषाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
तवof you/your
तव:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
सैन्येin the army
सैन्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आसीत्was/existed
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular
कश्चित्anyone
कश्चित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकश्चित्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पराड्मुखःturned away; facing away (in retreat)
पराड्मुखः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपराङ्मुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tava')
K
Kaurava army (tāvakāḥ)
P
Pāṇḍava army (pareṣām)
D
Devas
A
Asuras

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfastness in the face of danger: neither side yielded to fear. Ethically, it underscores the kṣatriya ideal of not turning away from battle, while also hinting at the tragic symmetry of valor on both sides in a destructive war.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that the fighting was intense and evenly met—like the mythic Deva–Asura battles—and that no warrior in either army turned back in retreat.