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Shloka 39

Adhyāya 14: Śalya’s Missile-Pressure and the Pāṇḍava Convergence (शल्यस्य शरवर्षम्)

सुरथं तं ततः क्रुद्धमापतन्तं महारथम्‌

surathaṃ taṃ tataḥ kruddham āpatantaṃ mahāratham

Sañjaya dit : Alors ce grand combattant de char, saisi de colère, chargea en avant sur son char bien équipé, poussant la bataille par la fureur et l’élan, tandis que le conflit se resserrait en un affrontement direct.

सु-रथम्the good chariot / well-equipped chariot
सु-रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
तम्him / that (one)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ततःthen / thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (अव्यय)
क्रुद्धम्angry
क्रुद्धम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootक्रुध् (धातु) → क्रुद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आपतन्तम्rushing/charging (towards)
आपतन्तम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपत् (धातु) + आ- (उपसर्ग) → आपतत् (वर्तमान-कृदन्त) → आपतन्त् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महा-रथम्the great chariot-warrior
महा-रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
महāratha (great chariot-warrior)
S
suratha (battle-chariot)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how anger (krodha) drives escalation in war: an elite warrior, seized by wrath, rushes into attack. Ethically, it points to the peril of letting rage govern action, even within a kṣatriya context where courage and duty are expected.

Sañjaya reports that a great chariot-warrior, mounted on a fine battle-chariot, becomes enraged and charges forward to engage—signaling an imminent close encounter or renewed assault in the ongoing Kurukṣetra battle.