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Mahabharata — Sabha Parva, Shloka 43

Adhyāya 45 — Duryodhana’s Distress, Śakuni’s Counsel, and the Summons for Dyūta

इत्युक्त्वा राजशार्टूलस्तस्थौ गर्जन्ञमर्षण: । ऐसा कहकर क्रोधमें भरा हुआ राजसिंह शिशुपाल दहाड़ता हुआ युद्धके लिये डट गया,स्वराष्ट्राणि गमिष्यामस्तदनुज्ञातुमरहसि । श्रुत्वा तु वचन राज्ञां धर्मराजो युधिछिर: “हम अपने-अपने राष्ट्रको जायँगे, आप हमें आज्ञा दें।।

ity uktvā rājaśārṭūlas tasthau garjan amarṣaṇaḥ | svarāṣṭrāṇi gamiṣyāmas tad-anujñātum arhasi | śrutvā tu vacanaṃ rājñāṃ dharmarājo yudhiṣṭhiraḥ |

Après avoir ainsi parlé, le tigre parmi les rois demeura campé, rugissant d’une colère sans frein, prêt au combat. Alors les rois assemblés dirent : «Nous retournerons chacun dans notre royaume ; il te convient de nous en donner congé.» Entendant ces paroles, le roi du Dharma, Yudhiṣṭhira, honora comme il se doit ces vénérables monarques et s’adressa à ses frères : «Ces rois sont venus vers nous avec bienveillance. À présent, ces puissants seigneurs, après m’avoir demandé permission, se tiennent prêts à regagner leurs terres. Que tout vous soit favorable : escortez respectueusement ces souverains d’élite jusqu’aux frontières de notre royaume.»

इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active, non-finite
राजशार्दूलःthe tiger among kings
राजशार्दूलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजशार्दूल
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तस्थौstood (firm)
तस्थौ:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formperfect, 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
गर्जन्roaring
गर्जन्:
TypeVerb
Rootगर्ज्
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
अमर्षणःintolerant (of insult), wrathful
अमर्षणः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअमर्षण
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
स्वराष्ट्राणिtheir own kingdoms
स्वराष्ट्राणि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वराष्ट्र
Formneuter, accusative, plural
गमिष्यामःwe shall go
गमिष्यामः:
TypeVerb
Rootगम्
Formsimple future, 1st, plural, parasmaipada
तत्that
तत्:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
अनुज्ञातुम्to permit, to give leave
अनुज्ञातुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootअनुज्ञा
Formतुमुन् (infinitive), active, non-finite
अर्हसिyou should / you are fit (to)
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
Formpresent, 2nd, singular, parasmaipada
श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), active, non-finite
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
वचनम्speech, words
वचनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचन
Formneuter, accusative, singular
राज्ञाम्of the kings
राज्ञाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
धर्मराजःKing Dharma (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
युधिष्ठिरःYudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
Ś
Śiśupāla
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja)
T
the assembled kings
T
the Pāṇḍava brothers
K
kingdom borders (sīmā)

Educational Q&A

Even amid provocation and martial tension, dharma in kingship is shown through proper conduct: honoring guests and granting leave respectfully. Yudhiṣṭhira models ethical rulership by maintaining decorum and ensuring dignified escort for visiting kings.

After a furious outburst, Śiśupāla stands roaring, poised for conflict. Meanwhile, the visiting kings request Yudhiṣṭhira’s permission to return home. Yudhiṣṭhira honors them appropriately and instructs his brothers to escort them respectfully to the borders.