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Shloka 9

Adhyāya 8: Saṃprahāra-varṇana and Bhīma–Kṣemadhūrti Dvipa-Yuddha

Combat Description and Elephant Duel

विस्नस्ताड़: श्वसन्‌ दीनो हाहेत्युक्त्वा सुदु:ःखितः: । विललाप महाराज धृतराष्ट्रोडम्बिकासुत:

vaiśampāyana uvāca | visnastaḍaḥ śvasan dīno hāhety uktvā suduḥkhitaḥ | vilalāpa mahārāja dhṛtarāṣṭro ’mbikāsutaḥ ||

Vaiśaṃpāyana dit : Ô grand roi, Dhṛtarāṣṭra, fils d’Ambikā, fut ébranlé et comme défait; il respirait lourdement. Misérable et accablé de chagrin, il s’écria : «Hélas ! Hélas !» et se mit à gémir. La nouvelle de la chute de Karṇa le frappa comme une chose presque impossible; et, en y réfléchissant, il fut saisi de la crainte que, si même Karṇa pouvait être tué, l’armée des Kaurava ne pouvait plus être sauvée, et qu’une ruine plus grande était inévitable.

विस्नस्ताडःone whose limbs are slackened (enfeebled)
विस्नस्ताडः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविस्नस्ताड (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्वसन्breathing, sighing
श्वसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootश्वस् (धातु)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
दीनःwretched, dejected
दीनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदीन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
हाहाalas! alas!
हाहा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहाहा (अव्यय/उद्गार)
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति (अव्यय)
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच् (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Active
सुदुःखितःvery sorrowful
सुदुःखितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदुःखित (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विललापlamented
विललाप:
TypeVerb
Rootलप् (धातु) + वि-
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धृतराष्ट्रःDhṛtarāṣṭra
धृतराष्ट्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृतराष्ट्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अम्बिकासुतःson of Ambikā
अम्बिकासुतः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअम्बिकासुत (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Ambikā
K
Karṇa
K
Kaurava army (implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how attachment and reliance on worldly power collapse in the face of inevitable consequences: when the seemingly ‘invincible’ falls, the mind is forced to confront impermanence and the moral cost of one’s chosen side. Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s grief reflects the karmic and ethical unraveling of a war sustained by partiality and adharma.

Vaiśampāyana narrates Dhṛtarāṣṭra’s immediate reaction upon hearing of Karṇa’s death: he is shaken, breathes heavily, cries “Alas,” and begins to lament, sensing that the Kaurava cause is now doomed.