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Shloka 56

कर्णपर्व — अध्याय ४०

Karṇa’s Pressure on the Pāñcālas; Duryodhana Disabled; Arjuna’s Counter-Advance

शल्य उवाच स पक्षाभ्यां स्पृशन्नार्तस्तुण्डेन च जलं तदा । दृष्टो हंसेन दुष्टात्मन्निदं हंसं ततो5ब्रवीत्‌,शल्य कहते हैं--दुष्टात्मा कर्ण! वह कौआ अत्यन्त पीड़ित हो जब अपनी दोनों पाँखों और चोंचसे जलका स्पर्श करने लगा, उस अवस्थामें हंसने उसे देखा। वह उड़ानके वेगसे थककर शिथिलांग हो गया था और जलका कहीं आर-पार न देखकर नीचे गिरता जा रहा था। उस समय उसने हंससे इस प्रकार कहा--

śalya uvāca | sa pakṣābhyāṁ spṛśann ārtaḥ tuṇḍena ca jalaṁ tadā | dṛṣṭo haṁsena duṣṭātmann idaṁ haṁsaṁ tato 'bravīt |

Shalya dit : « Alors ce corbeau, en proie à une grande détresse, ne cessait de toucher l’eau de ses deux ailes et de son bec. Le cygne l’aperçut et lui parla ainsi. »

शल्यःShalya
शल्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशल्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पक्षाभ्याम्with (his) two wings
पक्षाभ्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपक्ष
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Dual
स्पृशन्touching
स्पृशन्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्पृश्
FormShatru (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
आर्तःdistressed, afflicted
आर्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootआर्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुण्डेनwith the beak
तुण्डेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतुण्ड
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जलम्water
जलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजल
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तदाthen, at that time
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
दृष्टःseen
दृष्टः:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
FormKta (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
हंसेनby the swan
हंसेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootहंस
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
दुष्टात्मन्O evil-souled one
दुष्टात्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootदुष्टात्मन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
हंसम्the swan
हंसम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहंस
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ततःthereupon, then
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Anadyatana-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

शल्य उवाच

Ś
Śalya
K
Karna (addressed in the surrounding narration/translation tradition)
H
haṁsa (swan)
K
kāka (crow; implied by context)
J
jala (water)

Educational Q&A

The verse sets up an ethical contrast: the swan (a figure for discernment and higher conduct) observes the crow’s distress and addresses it as “wicked-souled,” preparing a moral lesson about flawed character and the consequences of arrogance or unworthy behavior—an indirect admonition relevant to Karna in Shalya’s counsel.

In Shalya’s narration, a crow—exhausted and suffering—keeps touching the water with wings and beak. A swan notices the crow’s plight and begins to speak to it, introducing a didactic exchange (an allegorical episode embedded within the war-time dialogue).