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Shloka 16

अभिमन्युवधः

Abhimanyu’s Fall and the Battlefield Aftermath

सूर्यभासं च पज्चैतान्‌ हत्वा विव्याध सौबलम्‌ | त॑ सौबलस्त्रिभिविंद्ध्वा दुर्योधनमथाब्रवीत्‌,तत्पश्चात्‌ शत्रुंजय, चन्द्रकेतु, मेघवेग, सुवर्चा और सूर्यभास--इन पाँच वीरोंको मारकर अभिमन्युने सुबलपुत्र शकुनिको भी घायल कर दिया। तब शकुनिने भी तीन बाणोंसे अभिमन्युको घायल करके दुर्योधनसे इस प्रकार कहा--

sūryabhāsaṃ ca pañcaitān hatvā vivyādha saubalam | taṃ saubalas tribhir viddhvā duryodhanam athābravīt |

Sañjaya dit : Après avoir tué ces cinq guerriers—Śatruñjaya, Candraketu, Meghavega, Suvarcā et Sūryabhāsa—Abhimanyu transperça aussi Saubala (Śakuni). Alors Saubala, en retour, frappa Abhimanyu de trois flèches et s’adressa à Duryodhana. L’épisode souligne l’implacable réciprocité de la violence sur le champ de bataille, où prouesse et représailles éclipsent parenté et conseil, et où la parole tactique suit aussitôt la blessure.

सूर्यभासम्Sūryabhāsa (name), (as) object
सूर्यभासम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसूर्यभास
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
पञ्चfive
पञ्च:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्च
Form—, Accusative, Plural
एतान्these
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
हत्वाhaving slain
हत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
विव्याधwounded / pierced
विव्याध:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
FormPerfect (लिट्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
सौबलम्the son of Subala (Śakuni)
सौबलम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसौबल
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
ततःthen / thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
सौबलःŚakuni (son of Subala)
सौबलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसौबल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्रिभिःwith three
त्रिभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootत्रि
Form—, Instrumental, Plural
विद्ध्वाhaving pierced / having wounded
विद्ध्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here)
दुर्योधनम्Duryodhana
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
अब्रवीत्said / spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Abhimanyu
Ś
Śakuni (Saubala)
D
Duryodhana
Ś
Śatruñjaya
C
Candraketu
M
Meghavega
S
Suvarcā
S
Sūryabhāsa

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the battlefield ethic of immediate reciprocation: injury invites counter-injury, and tactical counsel follows action. It implicitly warns how war compresses moral space—valor and retaliation dominate, while speech becomes an instrument of strategy rather than reflection.

Abhimanyu kills five named warriors and then wounds Śakuni (Saubala). Śakuni retaliates by striking Abhimanyu with three arrows and then turns to speak to Duryodhana, setting up the next tactical response by the Kaurava side.