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Shloka 12

Bhagadatta’s Astra and the Fall of the Prāgjyotiṣa King (भगदत्त-वधः / वैष्णवास्त्र-प्रसङ्गः)

ततो धनंजयो बाणै: सवनिव महारथान्‌ । आयाद्‌ विनिषघ्नन्‌ कौरव्यान्‌ दहन्‌ कक्षमिवानल:,तत्पश्चात्‌ जैसे अग्नि घास-फूँसके समूहको जला डालती है, उसी प्रकार अर्जुन अपने बाणोंद्वारा समस्त कौरव महारथियोंको क्षत-विक्षत करते हुए वहाँ आ पहुँचे

tato dhanañjayo bāṇaiḥ savanīva mahārathān | āyād viniṣghnan kauravyān dahan kakṣam ivānalaḥ ||

Sañjaya dit : Alors Dhanañjaya (Arjuna) arriva là, et de ses flèches il abattit et mit en pièces les grands guerriers de char des Kaurava, les brûlant comme le feu dévore les broussailles sèches.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
FormAvyaya (ablatival adverb)
धनंजयःDhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
FormMasculine, nominative, singular
बाणैःwith arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, instrumental, plural
सवनिम्together with their followers/retinue (reading: सवनिम्)
सवनिम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसवनि
FormMasculine, accusative, singular (agreeing with महारथान्)
महारथान्great chariot-warriors
महारथान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
आयात्came, arrived
आयात्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootया (धातु)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd person, singular, parasmaipada (आ + या)
विनिघ्नन्striking down, destroying
विनिघ्नन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन् (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), masculine nominative singular (agreeing with धनंजयः), (वि + नि + हन्)
कौरव्यान्the Kauravas
कौरव्यान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य
FormMasculine, accusative, plural
दहन्burning
दहन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootदह् (धातु)
FormPresent active participle (शतृ), masculine nominative singular (agreeing with धनंजयः)
कक्षम्thicket, brushwood
कक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकक्ष
FormMasculine, accusative, singular
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
FormAvyaya
अनलःfire
अनलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनल
FormMasculine, nominative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
K
Kauravas
B
bāṇa (arrows)
A
anala (fire)
K
kakṣa (brushwood/thicket)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the overwhelming force of a warrior acting within the battlefield’s code: Arjuna’s skill becomes as inexorable as fire. Ethically, it points to the grim reality that even ‘righteous’ war (dharma-yuddha) entails massive destruction, and that power used for duty still carries a heavy moral and emotional weight.

Sañjaya narrates that Arjuna advances into the fray and, with volleys of arrows, wounds and fells the Kaurava elite chariot-fighters. The comparison to fire consuming brushwood conveys speed, inevitability, and the scale of devastation.