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Shloka 40

यत्र यत्र सम दृश्यने प्रदीपा: कुरुसत्तम । तत्र तत्र सम शूरास्ते निपतन्ति पतज्भवत्‌,कुरुश्रेष्ठी जहाँ-जहाँ मशालें दिखायी देती थीं, वहाँ-वहाँ शूरवीर सैनिक पतंगोंकी तरह टूट पड़ते थे

sañjaya uvāca | yatra yatra sama-darśane pradīpāḥ kuru-sattama | tatra tatra sama-śūrās te nipatanti pataṅga-bhavat ||

Sañjaya dit : «Ô le meilleur des Kuru, partout où l’on voyait des torches luire d’un même éclat, là accouraient ces guerriers, d’un courage égal, se jetant dans la mêlée comme des papillons de nuit vers la flamme.»

यत्रwhere
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
यत्रwhere (wherever)
यत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
सम्together, fully (intensifier)
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
दृश्यनेin sight/appearance (as seen)
दृश्यने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदृश्यन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
प्रदीपाःtorches, lamps
प्रदीपाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रदीप
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कुरुसत्तमO best of the Kurus
कुरुसत्तम:
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु-सत्तम
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
तत्रthere
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
तत्रthere (therever)
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
सम्together, fully (intensifier)
सम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम्
शूराःheroes, brave warriors
शूराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तेthey
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
निपतन्तिfall upon, rush down/attack
निपतन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-पत्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
पतङ्गवत्like moths (to a flame)
पतङ्गवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपतङ्गवत्

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by address: kuru-sattama)
P
pradīpa (torches/lamps)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how, in the heat of war, visible signals (torches) can irresistibly draw fighters into danger—suggesting the ethical tension between valor and heedless self-destruction, like moths rushing toward flame.

Sañjaya describes a battlefield scene (likely at night): wherever torches are seen, warriors converge and charge there, repeatedly plunging into combat as if attracted to the light.