Shloka 48

Śiva’s Battlefield Manifestation and Vyāsa’s Śatarudrīya Exposition (शिवप्रादुर्भावः शतरुद्रीयव्याख्यानम्)

Devanagari script

त॑ निवार्य शरैस्तूर्ण धृष्टद्युम्नो महारथ:

Transliteration

tān nivārya śarais tūrṇaṃ dhṛṣṭadyumno mahārathaḥ

Translation

Sañjaya dit : Les arrêtant promptement par une volée de flèches, Dhṛṣṭadyumna—le grand guerrier de char—tint l’assaut en respect. Dans l’atmosphère morale du combat, ce vers met en relief une retenue disciplinée et une responsabilité tactique : à la force répond une contre-force mesurée, pour protéger les siens et accomplir le devoir du commandant.

Word by Word

• तान्: them
• तान्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• निवार्य: having checked/warded off
• Type: Verb
• Root: नि-√वृ (वृञ्) / निवारय् (causative base)
• Form: ल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Active (parasmaipada sense), having restrained/checked

• शरैः: with arrows
• शरैः: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: शर
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• तूर्णम्: swiftly
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तूर्ण

• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Dhrishtadyumna
• धृष्टद्युम्नः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: धृष्टद्युम्न
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• महारथः: the great chariot-warrior
• महारथः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: महारथ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Dhṛṣṭadyumna
• arrows (śara)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Even amid violence, a warrior-leader is expected to act with controlled skill—restraining an enemy advance efficiently to protect allies. The emphasis is on disciplined performance of duty rather than uncontrolled aggression.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Dhṛṣṭadyumna quickly counters and checks opposing fighters by shooting arrows, halting their momentum in the ongoing battle episode of the Droṇa Parva.