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Shloka 20

Adhyāya 16: Saṃśaptaka-vrata and the Diversion of Arjuna (द्रोणपर्व, अध्याय १६)

तमाविध्यच्छितैर्बाणै: कड़कपन्रैर्युधिष्िर: । तस्य द्रोणो धनुश्कछित्त्वा तं द्रुतं समुपाद्रवत्‌,युधिष्ठिरने गीधकी पाँखोंसे युक्त पैने बार्णोद्वारा द्रोणाचार्यको बींध डाला। तब द्रोणाचार्यने उनका धनुष काटकर बड़े वेगसे उनपर आक्रमण किया

tam āvidhyac chita-bāṇaiḥ kaḍakaparṇair yudhiṣṭhiraḥ | tasya droṇo dhanuś chittvā taṃ drutaṃ samupādravat ||

Sañjaya dit : Yudhiṣṭhira transperça Droṇācārya de flèches acérées, empennées comme des ailes de vautour. Droṇa trancha alors l’arc de Yudhiṣṭhira et se rua sur lui avec célérité. L’épisode met en lumière l’éthique âpre de la guerre : même le maître vénéré et le roi juste sont contraints d’opposer force, adresse et résolution lorsque le dharma est contesté sur le champ de bataille.

तम्him (Drona)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आविध्यत्pierced, struck
आविध्यत्:
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध् (वि + आ)
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
छितैःwith sharp/cutting
छितैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootछित (ppp of छिद्)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
बाणैःwith arrows
बाणैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबाण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
कटकपर्णैःwith arrows having hard/metallic wings (fletching)
कटकपर्णैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootकटकपर्ण
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
युधिष्ठिरःYudhishthira
युधिष्ठिरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तस्यof him (Yudhishthira)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
द्रोणःDrona
द्रोणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
छित्त्वाhaving cut
छित्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
FormAbsolutive (ktvā), Active
तम्him (Yudhishthira)
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
द्रुतम्swiftly
द्रुतम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootद्रुत
समुपाद्रवत्rushed upon, attacked
समुपाद्रवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootद्रु (सम् + उप + आ)
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
B
bow (dhanuḥ)
A
arrows (bāṇa)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the harsh dharma of war: personal reverence (toward a teacher like Droṇa) does not suspend a kṣatriya’s obligation to fight when justice and survival are at stake; skill and decisiveness become moral necessities in a righteous conflict.

Yudhiṣṭhira strikes Droṇa with sharp, well-feathered arrows. Droṇa responds tactically by cutting Yudhiṣṭhira’s bow and immediately charging him, shifting the encounter from ranged exchange to direct pressure.