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Shloka 41

उपायैः पूर्ववधकथनम् / Strategic Justifications for Prior Eliminations

पदातिहयसंघानां प्रयुतान्यर्बुदानि च | द्रोणेनैकेन नाराचैर्निर्भिन्नानि निशामुखे,उस प्रदोषकालमें अकेले द्रोणाचार्यने अपने नाराचोंद्वारा एक हजार हाथी, दस हजार रथ तथा लाखों-करोड़ों पैदल एवं घुड़सवार नष्ट कर दिये

padātihayasaṅghānāṁ prayutāny arbudāni ca | droṇenaikena nārācair nirbhinnāni niśāmukhe ||

Sañjaya dit : À l’approche de la nuit, Droṇa, à lui seul, de ses flèches nārāca, mit en pièces d’immenses masses de fantassins et de cavaliers—des dizaines de milliers, voire des crores—et abattit mille éléphants et dix mille chars. Ce vers souligne l’effrayante asymétrie de puissance sur le champ de bataille et le poids moral de la prouesse guerrière lorsqu’elle devient pur massacre, au lieu d’un combat mesuré et guidé par le dharma.

पदातिof foot-soldiers
पदाति:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
हयof horses (cavalry)
हय:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
संघानाम्of multitudes/hosts
संघानाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसंघ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रयुतानिten-thousands (units of 10,000)
प्रयुतानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रयुत
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
अर्बुदानिhundred-millions/crores (arbuda-units)
अर्बुदानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअर्बुद
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्रोणेनby Droṇa
द्रोणेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
एकेनalone/by one (single-handedly)
एकेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootएक
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
नाराचैःwith iron arrows (nārācas)
नाराचैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootनाराच
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
निर्भिन्नानिpierced/cleft/destroyed
निर्भिन्नानि:
TypeVerb
Rootनिर्भिद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Plural, Past passive participle (क्त), Passive (participial)
निशामुखेat the beginning of night (at dusk)
निशामुखे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनिशामुख
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇa (Droṇācārya)
N
nārāca (arrows)
P
padāti (infantry)
H
haya (cavalry)
E
elephants
C
chariots
N
niśāmukha (dusk/nightfall)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how extraordinary martial power can overwhelm the norms of balanced combat; it invites reflection on dharma in war—prowess is admirable, yet mass destruction at dusk evokes the ethical burden and the tragic momentum of Kurukṣetra.

Sañjaya reports that at dusk Droṇa, fighting alone with nārāca arrows, devastates large formations of infantry and cavalry and destroys huge numbers of elephants and chariots, emphasizing the scale of carnage and Droṇa’s battlefield dominance.