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Shloka 39

धृष्टद्युम्नस्य द्रोणाभिमुख्यं तथा सात्यकि-कर्ण-समागमः

Dhṛṣṭadyumna’s advance toward Droṇa and the Sātyaki–Karṇa confrontation

असंक्रुद्धमना वाच: स्मारयन्निव भारत | उवाच पाण्डुतनय: साक्षेपमिव फाल्गुन:,भरतनन्दन! पाण्डुपुत्र अर्जुनके मनमें तनिक भी क्रोध नहीं हुआ। उन्होंने मानो पुरानी बातें याद दिलाते हुए, कौरवोंपर आक्षेप करते हुए-से कहा--

asaṁkruddhamanā vācaḥ smārayann iva bhārata | uvāca pāṇḍutanayaḥ sākṣepam iva phālgunaḥ ||

Sañjaya dit : Ô Bhārata, le fils de Pāṇḍu — Phālguna (Arjuna) — l’esprit nullement embrasé par la colère, parla comme s’il rappelait des faits anciens et comme s’il adressait aux Kaurava un reproche aigu. Le vers met en lumière la retenue du guerrier : même au cœur du combat, les paroles d’Arjuna naissent du souvenir et du blâme moral, non d’une fureur sans frein.

असंक्रुद्धमनाone whose mind is not angered (calm-minded)
असंक्रुद्धमना:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअसंक्रुद्धमनस्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वाचःwords/speeches
वाचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवाच्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Plural
स्मारयन्reminding (calling to mind)
स्मारयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootस्मृ
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
भारतO Bharata
भारत:
TypeNoun
Rootभारत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
उवाचsaid/spoke
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पाण्डुतनयःthe son of Pाण्डु (Arjuna)
पाण्डुतनयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुतनय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
साक्षेपम्with reproach/with insinuation
साक्षेपम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसाक्षेप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
फाल्गुनःPhālguna (Arjuna)
फाल्गुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootफाल्गुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (addressed as Bhārata)
A
Arjuna (Phālguna, Pāṇḍutanaya)
P
Pāṇḍu
K
Kauravas

Educational Q&A

Even in the violence of war, ethical strength is shown through mastery over anger and disciplined speech. Arjuna’s stance models kṣatriya restraint: he censures wrongdoing with clarity rather than being driven by rage.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Arjuna speaks in the midst of the Drona Parva battle. Arjuna is described as calm-minded, speaking as if recalling earlier events and indirectly reproaching the Kauravas—setting the tone for a pointed statement that follows.